Code coverage tests

This page documents the degree to which the PARI/GP source code is tested by our public test suite, distributed with the source distribution in directory src/test/. This is measured by the gcov utility; we then process gcov output using the lcov frond-end.

We test a few variants depending on Configure flags on the pari.math.u-bordeaux.fr machine (x86_64 architecture), and agregate them in the final report:

The target is to exceed 90% coverage for all mathematical modules (given that branches depending on DEBUGLEVEL or DEBUGMEM are not covered). This script is run to produce the results below.

LCOV - code coverage report
Current view: top level - headers - pariinl.h (source / functions) Coverage Total Hit
Test: PARI/GP v2.19.0 lcov report (development 31092-e6893b0017) Lines: 92.5 % 1535 1420
Test Date: 2026-11-14 17:03:41 Functions: 91.8 % 707 649
Legend: Lines:     hit not hit

Function Name Sort by function name Hit count Sort by function hit count
F2m_clear 0
F2m_coeff 8462974
F2m_copy 201410
F2m_flip 1560492
F2m_set 798
F2v_clear 12464023
F2v_coeff 665814801
F2v_copy 4893
F2v_ei 42
F2v_flip 1560492
F2v_set 104219425
F2v_to_F2x 38974
F2xX_shift 0
F2x_clear 12464023
F2x_coeff 672285687
F2x_copy 66578297
F2x_div 1579959
F2x_equal 4256827
F2x_equal1 2871738
F2x_flip 1560492
F2x_renormalize 130540168
F2x_set 130175069
F2xqX_div 33187
F3m_coeff 144858
F3m_copy 0
F3m_set 0
Flm_copy 6442122
Flm_row 8755441
Flv_copy 2251272
Flx_constant 1092086
Flx_copy 196477311
Flx_div 2003291
Flx_div_pre 21817138
Flx_equal1 8248064
Flx_lead 1067182
Flx_mulu 1155304
FlxqX_div 0
FlxqX_div_pre 165917
Flxq_add 0
Flxq_sub 0
FpV_FpC_mul 0
FpXQX_div 4519
FpXQX_renormalize 4641882
FpXQ_add 0
FpXQ_sub 0
FpXX_renormalize 782142
FpXY_Fq_evaly 20405
FpX_div 5609795
FpX_renormalize 146566744
Fp_add 185086208
Fp_addmul 11356183
Fp_center 78866493
Fp_center_i 18207809
Fp_div 14993213
Fp_divu 15087752
Fp_double 21445730
Fp_halve 243517
Fp_inv 23545075
Fp_invsafe 1098683
Fp_mul 205046249
Fp_muls 17640
Fp_mulu 72705964
Fp_neg 37720041
Fp_red 83005020
Fp_sqr 69062705
Fp_sub 203703885
FqXQ_add 0
FqXQ_div 0
FqXQ_inv 0
FqXQ_invsafe 0
FqXQ_mul 22745
FqXQ_pow 0
FqXQ_sqr 0
FqXQ_sub 0
FqX_Fp_mul 579683
FqX_Fq_mul 424510
FqX_add 124082
FqX_ddf 7
FqX_degfact 47786
FqX_deriv 39697
FqX_div 38569
FqX_div_by_X_x 69699
FqX_divrem 0
FqX_extgcd 449758
FqX_factor 140960
FqX_factor_squarefree 7
FqX_gcd 8288
FqX_get_red 6069
FqX_halfgcd 0
FqX_halve 19250
FqX_integ 0
FqX_is_squarefree 683718
FqX_mul 369136
FqX_mulu 21900
FqX_neg 24900
FqX_normalize 4144
FqX_powu 1288
FqX_red 25298
FqX_rem 37659
FqX_roots 7231
FqX_sqr 71232
FqX_sub 68026
FqX_to_mod 175
FqXn_exp 0
FqXn_expint 6590
FqXn_inv 7070
FqXn_mul 261240
FqXn_sqr 0
Fq_red 3109642
Fq_to_FpXQ 73652
GENbinbase 934014296
QV_isscalar 54425082
Q_abs 8131139
Q_abs_shallow 127658
Qtoss 35364
R_abs 0
R_abs_shallow 13097
RgC_fpnorml2 620024
RgC_gtofp 34122330
RgC_gtomp 574
RgM_dimensions 9956226
RgM_fpnorml2 23338
RgM_gtofp 8264189
RgM_gtomp 21
RgM_minor 1036
RgM_shallowcopy 22268598
RgV_gtofp 56
RgV_is_QV 142058
RgV_is_ZV 32132602
RgV_isin 111958
RgV_isin_i 111958
RgV_isscalar 1211819
RgXQX_div 1904
RgXQX_rem 127908
RgX_coeff 2909086
RgX_copy 103803323
RgX_div 7001097
RgX_equal_var 27145972
RgX_fpnorml2 62765
RgX_gtofp 7173964
RgX_is_QX 400124
RgX_is_ZX 22521736
RgX_is_monomial 1346216
RgX_is_rational 68842
RgX_isscalar 0
RgX_renormalize 34135
RgX_shift_inplace 479615
RgX_shift_inplace_init 479615
RgX_to_RgV 140
Rg_col_ei 1472515
Rg_to_Fq 756
ZC_hnfrem 10699714
ZM_ZV_mod 611010
ZM_hnfrem 401475
ZM_lll 7142332
ZV_ZV_mod 8148021
ZV_dvd 23485
ZV_isscalar 23696947
ZV_to_zv 3318880
ZXQ_mul 2192165
ZXQ_sqr 963335
ZX_equal1 10514
ZX_is_monic 7723180
ZX_renormalize 158586000
Z_ispower 98
Z_issquare 509837
abgrp_get_cyc 12235183
abgrp_get_gen 1766677
abgrp_get_no 407116
absfrac 48084612
absfrac_shallow 13097
addmuliu 549607
addmuliu_inplace 66038363
affc_fixlg 250436
affgr 665850
bid_get_MOD 2157304
bid_get_U 3680282
bid_get_arch 41188
bid_get_archp 2397285
bid_get_cyc 5740019
bid_get_fact 2499065
bid_get_fact2 2201621
bid_get_gen 64274
bid_get_gen_nocheck 0
bid_get_grp 5804874
bid_get_ideal 72849
bid_get_mod 1521921
bid_get_no 0
bid_get_sarch 48594
bid_get_sprk 2158039
bin_copy 480524511
bit_accuracy 3221594712
bit_accuracy_mul 3176882
bit_prec 0
bnf_get_clgp 5380463
bnf_get_cyc 3689996
bnf_get_fu 25859
bnf_get_fu_nocheck 289112
bnf_get_gen 1681899
bnf_get_logfu 2877898
bnf_get_nf 9875390
bnf_get_no 8386
bnf_get_reg 648
bnf_get_sunits 1369339
bnf_get_tuN 283031
bnf_get_tuU 303613
bnr_get_bid 2046122
bnr_get_bnf 3710982
bnr_get_clgp 2830388
bnr_get_cyc 2522682
bnr_get_gen 7847
bnr_get_gen_nocheck 70
bnr_get_mod 77126
bnr_get_nf 1399132
bnr_get_no 277494
both_odd 124811442
cbrtr 0
cbrtr_abs 0
cgetalloc 10153
cgetc 976273
cgiv 106106093
checkell_i 10953984
closure_arity 331885301
closure_codestr 281332604
closure_get_code 28
closure_get_data 281319207
closure_get_dbg 13674
closure_get_frame 14757957
closure_get_oper 281332604
closure_get_text 37178
closure_is_variadic 46077203
col_ei 5929172
coltrunc_init 740376
const_col 9731330
const_vec 34728989
const_vecsmall 18940913
constant_coeff 1065040
cxcompotor 18766777
cxnorm 95482598
cxtofp 9248849
cxtoreal 338020
cyc_get_expo 2757632
cyclic_perm 99932
dbllog2r 94961082
degpol 5656543870
div_content 58502
divsBIL 8489407783
ellQp_get_p 1134
ellQp_get_prec 308
ellQp_get_zero 1463
ellR_get_prec 232939
ellR_get_sign 371829
ell_get_a1 17419098
ell_get_a2 11293897
ell_get_a3 13229514
ell_get_a4 10507522
ell_get_a6 10552229
ell_get_b2 7552256
ell_get_b4 2550719
ell_get_b6 3863695
ell_get_b8 3297567
ell_get_c4 13707201
ell_get_c6 16166547
ell_get_disc 18144762
ell_get_j 2126895
ell_get_type 22946847
ell_is_inf 59308292
ellff_get_a4a6 551872
ellff_get_field 1791801
ellinf 1097909
ellnf_get_bnf 119
ellnf_get_nf 2027312
equali1 1180125128
equalim1 139584419
err_get_compo 294
err_get_num 439296
gaddgs 123273820
gal_get_den 27867
gal_get_e 91
gal_get_gen 15624
gal_get_group 80528
gal_get_invvdm 27874
gal_get_mod 23870
gal_get_orders 6713
gal_get_p 6118
gal_get_pol 36428
gal_get_roots 32844
gc_GEN 238014260
gc_INT 4194584621
gc_INT_affii 11657288
gc_all 103409369
gc_leaf 1208891736
gc_slice 2217768
gc_upto 2017970064
gchar_copy_precs 1470
gchar_get_DLdata 192479
gchar_get_S 38371
gchar_get_U 0
gchar_get_Ui 11096
gchar_get_basis 34731
gchar_get_bnf 207685
gchar_get_cyc 16535
gchar_get_evalprec 4011
gchar_get_hnf 0
gchar_get_loccyc 52520
gchar_get_m0 3823
gchar_get_mod 8225
gchar_get_modP 4095
gchar_get_nalg 2296
gchar_get_nc 38876
gchar_get_nf 247942
gchar_get_nfprec 13854
gchar_get_nfree 322
gchar_get_nm 2108
gchar_get_ns 38371
gchar_get_ntors 322
gchar_get_prec 19427
gchar_get_r1 17683
gchar_get_r2 623
gchar_get_sfu 1996
gchar_get_u0 5002
gchar_get_zm 286343
gchar_set_HUUi 637
gchar_set_basis 1827
gchar_set_cyc 1827
gchar_set_evalprec 2086
gchar_set_m0 1190
gchar_set_nalg 637
gchar_set_nf 2363
gchar_set_nfprec 3466
gchar_set_nfree 637
gchar_set_ntors 637
gchar_set_prec 1470
gchar_set_u0 2142
gcmpgs 761951
gdivsg 561958
gen_I 1269376
gener_Fq_local 29946
gequalgs 29246
get_F2x_degree 1936346
get_F2x_mod 3310932
get_F2x_var 2176412
get_F2xqX_degree 201185
get_F2xqX_mod 343
get_F2xqX_var 376106
get_Flx_degree 84098322
get_Flx_mod 25663182
get_Flx_var 69188231
get_FlxqX_degree 320067
get_FlxqX_mod 8033
get_FlxqX_var 266299
get_FpXQX_degree 3569
get_FpXQX_mod 146583
get_FpXQX_var 51430
get_FpX_degree 8094078
get_FpX_mod 3391311
get_FpX_var 6879834
gisdouble 2992319
gmax_shallow 13510257
gmaxsg 0
gmin_shallow 902807
gminsg 0
gmulgs 29800735
gmulgu 283377954
gsubgs 1731854
gtodouble 66282673
gtofp 260508063
gtomp 22428
gtos 85888520
gtou 102007
guncloneNULL 48998274
guncloneNULL_deep 1555350
gval 6391
hash_str 2787689
hash_str_len 31645688
icopy_avma 8133154983
idealchineseinit 5427
idealred 139126
identity_ZV 8120
identity_perm 3260381
identity_zv 3284744
inf_get_sign 1454472
inv_content 0
is_bigint 592063861
is_const_t 5001793495
is_extscalar_t 6904
is_intreal_t 9716483
is_matvec_t 638321854
is_noncalc_t 86219395
is_pm1 2307773202
is_qfb_t 0
is_rational_t 5304049
is_real_t 62080967
is_recursive_t 9575536258
is_scalar_t 376859398
is_universal_constant 332094576
is_vec_t 44253520
isint1 18256695
isintm1 6224542
isintzero 2911189999
ismpzero 9716392
isonstack 8502674360
killblock 1982412
leading_coeff 169547566
leafcopy_avma 586456913
lg_increase 474546305
lgcols 354526168
lgpol 2775657487
lincombii 38354017
locs_get_Lgenfil 1288
locs_get_Lsprk 195755
locs_get_cyc 54144
locs_get_famod 1288
locs_get_m_infty 211534
locs_get_mod 8225
logint 757174
matpascal 4935
matslice 16932222
mkcol 10667552
mkcol2 168884627
mkcol2s 4416244
mkcol3 88320
mkcol3s 315
mkcol4 103467
mkcol4s 0
mkcol5 94
mkcol6 232582
mkcolcopy 33561
mkcols 40411
mkcomplex 92996754
mkerr 0
mkfrac 54560910
mkfraccopy 5217043
mkfracss 1209605
mkintmod 8073810
mkintmodu 1834
mkmat 4783070
mkmat2 33669730
mkmat22 54536289
mkmat22s 207578
mkmat3 17003
mkmat4 84
mkmat5 0
mkmatcopy 122351
mkmoo 108951
mkoo 1333299
mkpadic 2009
mkpolmod 3297287
mkqfb 28269051
mkquad 69118
mkrfrac 698726
mkrfraccopy 14
mkvec 70143242
mkvec2 222650087
mkvec2copy 114570
mkvec2s 221667
mkvec3 125746223
mkvec3s 524441
mkvec4 10533143
mkvec4s 21
mkvec5 15190532
mkvec5s 0
mkvec6 42
mkvec6s 301
mkveccopy 122528
mkvecs 168
mkvecsmall 143613434
mkvecsmall2 262002225
mkvecsmall3 106869809
mkvecsmall4 20245133
mkvecsmall5 1898398
modpr_get_T 13867549
modpr_get_p 1887627
modpr_get_pr 31237605
mul_content 2672418
mul_denom 10788537
mulsubii 3898806
nbits2extraprec 918241741
nbits2ndec 0
nbits2nlong 620902949
nbits2prec 189567526
nbrows 159342984
nchar2nlong 127833785
ndec2nbits 8270
ndec2nlong 41829
ndec2prec 33559
nfV_to_scalar_or_alg 26300
nf_get_G 304567
nf_get_M 21751113
nf_get_Tr 23352
nf_get_degree 71318522
nf_get_diff 4445
nf_get_disc 464441
nf_get_index 3716967
nf_get_invzk 9782804
nf_get_pol 98101284
nf_get_r1 23476072
nf_get_r2 4154
nf_get_ramified_primes 65098
nf_get_roots 1632803
nf_get_roundG 1749486
nf_get_sign 522482
nf_get_varn 1504035
nf_get_zk 4382
nf_get_zkden 5465290
nf_get_zkprimpart 5419566
normalize_frac 28149241
odd 2139386926
pari_calloc 48209
pari_err_BUG 14
pari_err_COMPONENT 214
pari_err_CONSTPOL 21
pari_err_COPRIME 91
pari_err_DIM 718
pari_err_DOMAIN 2876
pari_err_FILE 0
pari_err_FILEDESC 36
pari_err_FLAG 98
pari_err_IMPL 539
pari_err_INV 20032
pari_err_IRREDPOL 63
pari_err_MAXPRIME 0
pari_err_MODULUS 1316
pari_err_OP 406
pari_err_OVERFLOW 156
pari_err_PACKAGE 0
pari_err_PREC 238
pari_err_PRIME 98
pari_err_PRIORITY 245
pari_err_ROOTS0 70
pari_err_SQRTN 7084
pari_err_TYPE 15370
pari_err_TYPE2 3493
pari_err_VAR 371
pari_free 494840734
pari_malloc 730384537
pari_realloc 1887
pari_realloc_ip 2385168
pari_stack_alloc 980737511
pari_stack_base 986806849
pari_stack_delete 6063492
pari_stack_init 6446055
pari_stack_new 885272294
pari_stack_pushp 5840
perm_conj 422429
perm_inv 3781202
perm_mul 81657016
perm_sqr 728
pol0_F2x 17417445
pol0_Flx 114758822
pol1_F2x 4774708
pol1_Flx 56076524
pol_0 84220441
pol_1 3762696
pol_x 3886959
pol_xn 2237748
pol_xnall 294
polx_F2x 1083560
polx_Flx 37977874
polx_zx 0
polxn_Flx 371
powIs 620095
powii 43757711
pr_get_e 16164818
pr_get_f 26447206
pr_get_gen 12077667
pr_get_p 92765145
pr_get_tau 49776978
pr_is_inert 17227448
pr_norm 1090561
prec2lg 4749162079
prec2nbits 93803410
prec2nbits_mul 581910
prec2ndec 9778
precdbl 476737
qfb_disc 18522403
qfb_disc3 5001802
qfb_is_qfi 65331408
quad_disc 1379
quadnorm 70105
random_Fq 0
remsBIL 8394910153
rnf_get_absdegree 1392746
rnf_get_alpha 1428
rnf_get_degree 2506335
rnf_get_disc 357
rnf_get_idealdisc 1386
rnf_get_index 105
rnf_get_invzk 1225
rnf_get_k 1225
rnf_get_map 135659
rnf_get_nf 786086
rnf_get_nfdegree 21455
rnf_get_nfpol 255354
rnf_get_nfvarn 4886
rnf_get_nfzk 7245
rnf_get_pol 2845192
rnf_get_polabs 327628
rnf_get_ramified_primes 2849
rnf_get_varn 574
rnf_get_zk 4830
row 767844
row_i 987
rowcopy 204988
rowpermute 14794647
rowslice 80074217
rowslicepermute 234132
rowsplice 273
ser_isexactzero 11871524
shallowcopy 27955411
sqrfrac 4399479
sqrti 6618467
sqrtnr 2811886
sqrtr 87237706
sstoQ 1097313
sturm 385
submulii 33037982
submuliu 7700
submuliu_inplace 66545505
truecoef 0
trunc_safe 0
ulogint 2113200
upr_norm 347921
uutoQ 1602256
vec_append 3470860
vec_ei 1716793
vec_lengthen 18983
vec_prepend 313943
vec_setconst 0
vec_shorten 11564
vec_to_vecsmall 4149430
veclast 9557809
vecmodii 0
vecmoduu 49784
vecpermute 21130408
vecreverse 697305
vecreverse_inplace 2612
vecslice 670260509
vecslicepermute 2881020
vecsmall_append 4117808
vecsmall_coincidence 0
vecsmall_concat 1466215
vecsmall_copy 7353841
vecsmall_ei 585513
vecsmall_indexmax 21
vecsmall_indexmin 21
vecsmall_isin 84
vecsmall_lengthen 547
vecsmall_lexcmp 7211133
vecsmall_max 1177915
vecsmall_min 5509
vecsmall_pack 84
vecsmall_prefixcmp 108088071
vecsmall_prepend 187025
vecsmall_reverse 3052
vecsmall_shorten 77081
vecsmall_to_col 7993432
vecsmall_to_vec 513109
vecsmall_to_vec_inplace 3304
vecsmallpermute 79343701
vecsmalltrunc_append 101231003
vecsmalltrunc_init 255784554
vecsplice 385296
vectrunc_append 15914464
vectrunc_append_batch 9667
vectrunc_init 11795324
zc_to_ZC 7978886
zero_F2m 0
zero_F2m_copy 847277
zero_F2v 3663663
zero_F2x 1350
zero_Flm 2855055
zero_Flm_copy 241030
zero_Flv 61809965
zero_Flx 3256184
zero_zm 0
zero_zv 39183204
zero_zx 0
zerocol 125340503
zeromat 108880
zeromatcopy 14383653
zeropadic 858086
zeropadic_shallow 17150
zeropol 42429176
zeroser 139020
zerovec 29356733
zerovec_block 29675
zm_copy 0
zm_row 0
zm_to_zxV 0
zm_transpose 266
znstar_get_N 38658755
znstar_get_U 176107
znstar_get_Ui 46788
znstar_get_conreycyc 7982136
znstar_get_conreygen 3290533
znstar_get_cyc 262088
znstar_get_faN 7334854
znstar_get_gen 16150
znstar_get_no 14
znstar_get_pe 2869070
zv_copy 1879712
zv_to_ZV 504205
zv_to_zx 104146
zx_renormalize 14049
zx_shift 0
zx_to_zv 0

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