Code coverage tests

This page documents the degree to which the PARI/GP source code is tested by our public test suite, distributed with the source distribution in directory src/test/. This is measured by the gcov utility; we then process gcov output using the lcov frond-end.

We test a few variants depending on Configure flags on the pari.math.u-bordeaux.fr machine (x86_64 architecture), and agregate them in the final report:

The target is to exceed 90% coverage for all mathematical modules (given that branches depending on DEBUGLEVEL or DEBUGMEM are not covered). This script is run to produce the results below.

LCOV - code coverage report
Current view: top level - basemath - Flx.c (source / functions) Hit Total Coverage
Test: PARI/GP v2.18.1 lcov report (development 30773-2078653b96) Lines: 2554 2925 87.3 %
Date: 2026-04-04 09:27:12 Functions: 304 363 83.7 %
Legend: Lines: hit not hit

Function Name Sort by function name Hit count Sort by hit count
Fl2_equal1 449944
Fl2_inv_pre 197325
Fl2_mul_pre 17092637
Fl2_norm_pre 97118577
Fl2_pow_pre 671813
Fl2_sqr_pre 4908743
Fl2_sqrt_pre 65848
Fl2_sqrtn_pre 76094
Fl_Flxq_log 35576
Fl_Xp1_powu 0
Fl_to_Flx 21943532
Flm_to_FlxV 2772
FlvV_polint_tree 2587650
Flv_Flm_polint 104558
Flv_inv 1744759
Flv_invVandermonde 153445
Flv_inv_i 1756770
Flv_inv_indir 52210
Flv_inv_inplace 12017
Flv_inv_pre 9645
Flv_inv_pre_indir 21005108
Flv_inv_pre_inplace 19263024
Flv_polint 1485484
Flv_prod 0
Flv_prod_pre 3719
Flv_producttree 1745964
Flv_roots_to_pol 842011
Flv_to_Flx 25491341
FlxC_Fl_translate 0
FlxC_FlxqV_eval 0
FlxC_FlxqV_eval_pre 0
FlxC_Flxq_eval 0
FlxC_Flxq_eval_pre 0
FlxC_eval_powers_pre 325160
FlxC_neg 0
FlxC_sub 0
FlxC_to_ZXC 104060
FlxM_Fl_translate 0
FlxM_Flx_add_shallow 0
FlxM_Flx_mul2 25999
FlxM_eval_powers_pre 22302
FlxM_max_degree 0
FlxM_max_degree_i 0
FlxM_mul 0
FlxM_mul2 7099
FlxM_mul_Kronecker_i 81591
FlxM_neg 0
FlxM_pack_ZM 46835
FlxM_pack_ZM_bits 116259
FlxM_sub 0
FlxM_to_FlxXV 0
FlxM_to_ZXM 2485
FlxT_red 292551
FlxV_Flc_mul 34482
FlxV_Flv_multieval 2471
FlxV_Flv_multieval_tree 2471
FlxV_Flx_fromdigits 0
FlxV_composedsum 28979
FlxV_factorback 0
FlxV_max_degree_i 0
FlxV_prod 0
FlxV_red 0
FlxV_to_Flm 171868
FlxV_to_Flm_lg 12971422
FlxV_to_FlxX 397987
FlxV_to_ZXV 609491
FlxV_to_ZXV_inplace 3032554
Flx_Fl2_eval_pre 5214706
Flx_Fl_add 9842914
Flx_Fl_mul 9421767
Flx_Fl_mul_pre 20196813
Flx_Fl_mul_to_monic 11859353
Flx_Fl_sub 151685
Flx_Fl_translate 0
Flx_Flv_multieval 0
Flx_Flv_multieval_tree 1786266
Flx_FlxM_qmul 6927
Flx_FlxqV_eval 5082
Flx_FlxqV_eval_pre 13170321
Flx_Flxq_eval 791472
Flx_Flxq_eval_pre 2444861
Flx_Frobenius 86618
Flx_Frobenius_pre 13818528
Flx_Laplace 27466
Flx_Newton 54382
Flx_add 73782736
Flx_addmulmul 358981
Flx_addshift 3768149
Flx_addspec 7337710
Flx_blocks 527251
Flx_blocks_Flm 12970773
Flx_composedprod 0
Flx_composedsum 27689
Flx_convol 0
Flx_deflate 421308
Flx_deriv 23015162
Flx_diff1 660350
Flx_digits 0
Flx_div_by_X_x 36551612
Flx_divrem 30451501
Flx_divrem_Barrett 604142
Flx_divrem_Barrettspec 905845
Flx_divrem_basecase 61240084
Flx_divrem_pre 78681293
Flx_double 1179459
Flx_equal 26591403
Flx_eval 20416123
Flx_eval2BILspec 603289
Flx_eval_powers_pre 48590345
Flx_eval_pre 136169204
Flx_extgcd 857089
Flx_extgcd_basecase 6183931
Flx_extgcd_halfgcd 126068
Flx_extgcd_pre 6183909
Flx_extresultant 53
Flx_extresultant_basecase 53
Flx_extresultant_pre 53
Flx_fromNewton 109534
Flx_gcd 35020425
Flx_gcd_basecase 85797894
Flx_gcd_pre 87461779
Flx_get_red 14508566
Flx_get_red_pre 97504651
Flx_halfgcd 0
Flx_halfgcd_all 154
Flx_halfgcd_all_i 1087958
Flx_halfgcd_all_pre 1087964
Flx_halfgcd_pre 873180
Flx_halfres_basecase 1095040
Flx_halfres_i 1115004
Flx_halfres_pre 1044
Flx_halfres_split 19964
Flx_halfres_update_pre 9405
Flx_halve 14026
Flx_inflate 160149
Flx_integ 0
Flx_integXn 423248
Flx_invBarrett 0
Flx_invBarrett_Newton 23161
Flx_invBarrett_basecase 134385
Flx_invBarrett_pre 158846
Flx_invLaplace 54640
Flx_is_l_pow 8193
Flx_is_smooth 74256
Flx_is_smooth_pre 118673
Flx_is_smooth_squarefree 126858
Flx_is_squarefree 9200836
Flx_lgrenormalizespec 2133514
Flx_matFrobenius 0
Flx_matFrobenius_pre 86557
Flx_mod_Xn1 31526
Flx_mod_Xnm1 4906862
Flx_mul 26712886
Flx_mul_pre 381372118
Flx_mulhigh_i 949155
Flx_mullimb 1183945428
Flx_mullimb_ok 3368065300
Flx_mulspec 386984964
Flx_mulspec_Kronecker 7366219
Flx_mulspec_basecase 347050888
Flx_mulspec_halfmulii 5463
Flx_mulspec_mulii 10146
Flx_mulspec_mulii_inflate 294043
Flx_mulspec_quartmulii 97166
Flx_neg 4175124
Flx_neg_inplace 1799550
Flx_negspec 4175120
Flx_normalize 64786488
Flx_powu 0
Flx_powu_pre 3889
Flx_recip 0
Flx_recipspec 7288181
Flx_red 1879899
Flx_rem 42224677
Flx_rem_basecase 799074709
Flx_rem_pre 925181836
Flx_renormalize 2166062371
Flx_rescale 1117
Flx_resultant 4740079
Flx_resultant_basecase_pre 14606406
Flx_resultant_pre 14608386
Flx_shift 27399189
Flx_shiftip 630354650
Flx_splitting 147153
Flx_sqr 370213
Flx_sqr_pre 274791770
Flx_sqrspec 274934660
Flx_sqrspec_Kronecker 670236
Flx_sqrspec_basecase 274252406
Flx_sqrspec_halfsqri 136
Flx_sqrspec_quartsqri 10218
Flx_sqrspec_sqri 2070
Flx_sqrspec_sqri_inflate 11814
Flx_sub 136568270
Flx_subspec 898270
Flx_to_Flv 66651994
Flx_to_FlxX 71405
Flx_to_ZX 38377512
Flx_to_ZX_inplace 36545787
Flx_to_int_halfspec 468590
Flx_to_int_quartspec 204550
Flx_translate1 663033
Flx_translate1_basecase 675088
Flx_triple 551294
Flx_unscale 0
Flx_val 4473397
Flx_valrem 28442955
Flxn_div 56567
Flxn_div_pre 56592
Flxn_exp 0
Flxn_expint 109537
Flxn_inv 1037
Flxn_mul 75965
Flxn_mul_pre 5180657
Flxn_mulhigh 527162
Flxn_recip 217960
Flxn_red 6362315
Flxn_sqr 0
Flxn_sqr_pre 0
FlxqC_Flxq_mul 0
FlxqC_red_pre 234855
FlxqM_Flxq_mul 0
FlxqM_mul_Kronecker 81591
FlxqM_red_pre 81591
FlxqV_dotproduct 0
FlxqV_dotproduct_pre 113589
FlxqX_dotproduct 1918
Flxq_autpow 7
Flxq_autpow_msqr 20700
Flxq_autpow_pre 69421
Flxq_autpow_sqr 47256
Flxq_autpowers 1667
Flxq_autsum 0
Flxq_autsum_mul 112104
Flxq_autsum_pre 98578
Flxq_autsum_sqr 104899
Flxq_auttrace 0
Flxq_auttrace_mul 779620
Flxq_auttrace_pre 960258
Flxq_auttrace_sqr 652364
Flxq_charpoly 3625
Flxq_conjvec 20
Flxq_div 1167600
Flxq_div_pre 2313669
Flxq_easylog 519433
Flxq_inv 335789
Flxq_inv_pre 4183764
Flxq_invsafe 670475
Flxq_invsafe_pre 5326826
Flxq_is2npower 0
Flxq_issquare 404606
Flxq_log 164210
Flxq_lroot 0
Flxq_lroot_fast 0
Flxq_lroot_fast_pre 113589
Flxq_lroot_pre 25053
Flxq_matrix_pow 399
Flxq_matrix_pow_pre 170647
Flxq_minpoly 45937
Flxq_minpoly_pre 809763
Flxq_mul 18080008
Flxq_mul_pre 192095854
Flxq_norm 443255
Flxq_order 97322
Flxq_pow 932877
Flxq_pow_Frobenius 22776021
Flxq_pow_init 0
Flxq_pow_init_pre 28
Flxq_pow_pre 23824270
Flxq_pow_table 0
Flxq_pow_table_pre 4393
Flxq_powers 232123
Flxq_powers_pre 22443789
Flxq_powu 488361
Flxq_powu_pre 24183051
Flxq_sqr 2763474
Flxq_sqr_pre 273748879
Flxq_sqrt 230555
Flxq_sqrt_pre 230555
Flxq_sqrtl_spec_pre 37667
Flxq_sqrtn 23095
Flxq_sqrtn_spec_pre 21900
Flxq_sumautsum_msqr 40869
Flxq_sumautsum_pre 210695
Flxq_sumautsum_sqr 295218
Flxq_trace 4724
Flxq_transmul 4212214
Flxq_transmul_init 1746327
RgXV_to_FlxV 7
RgX_to_Flx 2209604
Rg_to_F2 1715069
Rg_to_Fl 73085960
Rg_to_Flxq 3461417
ZM_unpack_FlxM 23421
ZM_unpack_FlxM_bits 58170
ZXT_to_FlxT 3797454
ZXV_to_FlxV 0
ZX_to_Flx 171050765
Z_mod2BIL_Flx 305857
Z_mod2BIL_Flx_2 308787
Z_mod2BIL_Flx_3 0
Z_to_Flx 7593865
ZpX_invLaplace_init 497
_Fl2_mul 1924259
_Fl2_pow 671795
_Fl2_rand 113841
_Fl2_sqr 4908702
_Flx_add 0
_Flx_composedsum 3882
_Flx_divrem 0
_Flx_mul 11775943
_Flx_one 0
_Flx_pow 0
_Flx_sqr 0
_Flxq_add 389834
_Flxq_equal0 69139
_Flxq_inv 9460
_Flxq_mul 147633544
_Flxq_neg 366572
_Flxq_one 22443373
_Flxq_pow 22768606
_Flxq_powu 68
_Flxq_powu_i 22928470
_Flxq_rand 6577
_Flxq_red 1550928
_Flxq_rmul 1461838
_Flxq_s 6567
_Flxq_sqr 267414998
bounded_order 394037
gener_Flxq 7201
get_Fl_threshold 2321246895
get_Flx_red 988177809
get_Flxq_field 68902
get_Flxq_star 283433
init_invlaplace 12514
int_to_Flx 12216
int_to_Flx_half 507058
int_to_Flx_quart 107384
kron_pack_Flx_spec 53168
kron_pack_Flx_spec_2 3389
kron_pack_Flx_spec_3 0
kron_pack_Flx_spec_bits 20996420
kron_pack_Flx_spec_half 688104
kron_unpack_Flx 42785
kron_unpack_Flx_2 2930
kron_unpack_Flx_3 0
kron_unpack_Flx_bits_narrow 5621971
kron_unpack_Flx_bits_wide 5698427
matJ2_FlxM 13
matid2_FlxM 911
maxbitcoeffpol 8471560
mkF2 27666121
monomial_Flx 941264
random_Flx 2646280
set_Flxq 68922
set_Flxq_pre 69751239
translate_basecase 688273
zero_FlxC 0
zero_FlxM 0
zero_FlxM_copy 0
zl_Xp1_powu 12017
zlx_translate1 25259
zx_to_Flx 6405749

Generated by: LCOV version 1.16