Code coverage tests

This page documents the degree to which the PARI/GP source code is tested by our public test suite, distributed with the source distribution in directory src/test/. This is measured by the gcov utility; we then process gcov output using the lcov frond-end.

We test a few variants depending on Configure flags on the pari.math.u-bordeaux.fr machine (x86_64 architecture), and agregate them in the final report:

The target is to exceed 90% coverage for all mathematical modules (given that branches depending on DEBUGLEVEL or DEBUGMEM are not covered). This script is run to produce the results below.

LCOV - code coverage report
Current view: top level - basemath - RgX.c (source / functions) Hit Total Coverage
Test: PARI/GP v2.18.1 lcov report (development 30851-7844d7b3a5) Lines: 1681 1844 91.2 %
Date: 2026-05-02 09:26:58 Functions: 212 231 91.8 %
Legend: Lines: hit not hit

Function Name Sort by function name Hit count Sort by hit count
Kronecker_to_mod 202058
QXQC_to_mod_shallow 15540
QXQM_to_mod_shallow 7063
QXQV_to_mod 23567
QXQXV_to_mod 12572
QXQX_homogenous_evalpow 1652
QXQX_to_mod 37212
QXQX_to_mod_shallow 204369
QXQ_powers 9506
QXQ_to_mod 170695
QXQ_to_mod_shallow 844475
QXV_QXQ_eval 3248
QXY_QXQ_evalx 294
QX_ZXQV_eval 7455
RgM_to_RgXV 302971
RgM_to_RgXV_reverse 7202
RgM_to_RgXX 23919
RgV_to_RgM 336569
RgV_to_RgX 2284891
RgV_to_RgX_reverse 188283
RgXQC_red 69559
RgXQM_mul 322
RgXQM_red 13881
RgXQV_RgXQ_mul 168
RgXQV_factorback 7118
RgXQV_red 1449
RgXQX_RgXQ_mul 119
RgXQX_RgXQ_translate 33584
RgXQX_divrem 157081
RgXQX_mul 0
RgXQX_powers 0
RgXQX_pseudodivrem 12175
RgXQX_pseudorem 138803
RgXQX_red 537959
RgXQX_sqr 0
RgXQ_matrix_pow 2933
RgXQ_norm 2659
RgXQ_pow 102384
RgXQ_powers 8603
RgXQ_powu 120412
RgXQ_trace 476
RgXV_RgV_eval 2947
RgXV_maxdegree 588
RgXV_prod 0
RgXV_rescale 2401
RgXV_to_RgM 79011
RgXV_unscale 6489
RgXX_to_RgM 322
RgXY_degreex 2022641
RgXY_derivx 3836
RgXY_swap 2051
RgXY_swapspec 33139
RgX_RgV_eval 142885
RgX_RgXQV_eval 0
RgX_RgXQ_eval 417397
RgX_RgXnV_eval 966
RgX_RgXn_eval 0
RgX_Rg_add 26333229
RgX_Rg_add_shallow 65087
RgX_Rg_div 29645805
RgX_Rg_divexact 5237527
RgX_Rg_eval_bk 0
RgX_Rg_mul 236880235
RgX_Rg_sub 223136
RgX_Rg_translate 6446203
RgX_Rg_translate_FpX 0
RgX_Rg_translate_FpXQX 7
RgX_Rg_translate_basecase 6085449
RgX_Rg_translate_fast 6446202
RgX_Rg_translate_i 6085644
RgX_add 118123883
RgX_addmulXn 514946
RgX_addmulXn_shallow 9744313
RgX_addspec 222476
RgX_addspec_shallow 9062610
RgX_affine 30226
RgX_blocks 3021626
RgX_coeff_add 441970530
RgX_coeff_div 36980340
RgX_coeff_mul 728612688
RgX_coeff_simplify 113650411
RgX_coeff_sub 247347124
RgX_deflate 1188548
RgX_deriv 834914
RgX_derivn 798
RgX_digits 3234
RgX_div_by_X_x 265493
RgX_divrem 14185583
RgX_divrem_i 23452469
RgX_divs 2863
RgX_equal 25055584
RgX_even_odd 49866317
RgX_homogenize 18102
RgX_homogenize_deg 1260
RgX_homogenous_derivn 6741
RgX_homogenous_eval 72743
RgX_homogenous_evalpow 638040
RgX_inflate 886549
RgX_integXn 56377
RgX_liftred 484065
RgX_mul 69376239
RgX_mul2n 162700
RgX_mulXn 2997517
RgX_mul_FpX 582113
RgX_mul_FpXQX 1477
RgX_mul_QXQX 183880
RgX_mul_fast 84501091
RgX_mul_i 32815582
RgX_mul_normalized 1821951
RgX_mulhigh_i 2904828
RgX_mulhigh_i2 1801193
RgX_muls 3985
RgX_mulspec 34252415
RgX_mulspec_basecase 33611789
RgX_mulspec_basecase_limb 113560613
RgX_neg 6528197
RgX_normalize 39711
RgX_pseudodivrem 11832
RgX_pseudorem 138803
RgX_recip 35301
RgX_recip_i 3756934
RgX_recip_shallow 59388
RgX_recipspec_shallow 2592186
RgX_rem 15007630
RgX_rem_FpX 67781
RgX_rem_FpXQX 70
RgX_rem_QXQX 49851
RgX_rem_fast 15007612
RgX_renormalize_lg 8301730
RgX_rescale 4352991
RgX_rotate_shallow 317037
RgX_shift 1577735
RgX_shift_shallow 175808435
RgX_splitting 43631
RgX_sqr 1472534
RgX_sqr_FpX 16975
RgX_sqr_FpXQX 196
RgX_sqr_QXQX 16603
RgX_sqr_fast 1484686
RgX_sqr_i 33236
RgX_sqrhigh_i 0
RgX_sqrhigh_i2 0
RgX_sqrspec 33314
RgX_sqrspec_basecase 33275
RgX_sqrspec_basecase_limb 94825
RgX_sub 69250451
RgX_to_RgC 15456212
RgX_unscale 52063
RgX_val 3984110
RgX_valrem 80782474
RgX_valrem_inexact 882779
RgXnV_red_shallow 483
RgXn_div 562607
RgXn_div_FpX 98
RgXn_div_FpXQX 0
RgXn_div_fast 1366421
RgXn_div_gen 2371595
RgXn_div_i 1366421
RgXn_eval 5593
RgXn_exp 0
RgXn_expint 52918
RgXn_inv 808305
RgXn_inv_FpX 91
RgXn_inv_FpXQX 0
RgXn_inv_fast 1005359
RgXn_inv_i 1005359
RgXn_mul 12220008
RgXn_mul2 10559976
RgXn_mul_basecase 7591743
RgXn_mulhigh 2848438
RgXn_powers 483
RgXn_powu 0
RgXn_powu_i 2286
RgXn_recip_shallow 651597
RgXn_red_shallow 8302008
RgXn_reverse 154
RgXn_sqr 12152
RgXn_sqr2 315
RgXn_sqr_basecase 0
RgXn_sqrhigh 14
RgXn_sqrt 7
RgXspec_kill0 82440157
Rg_RgX_sub 4886864
Rg_get_0 1862568
Rg_get_1 156905276
Rg_to_RgC 1360452
ZXQX_dvd 18303
ZXQ_powers 12061
ZXQ_powu 168511
ZX_unscale 681444
ZX_unscale2n 1988906
ZX_unscale_div 12997
ZX_unscale_divpow 1393
ZX_z_unscale 1179297
_RgX_divrem 11809
_RgX_mul 0
_ZXQmul 111180
_ZXQsqr 200591
_add 623233
_cmul 1040367
_gen_add 19651793
_gen_cmul 512818
_gen_mul 1975094
_gen_nored 2151274
_gen_one 2193919
_gen_sqr 635737
_gen_sub 0
_gen_zero 301
_mul 281189
_mulXn 4528
_one 1019356
_oneXn 1939
_pow 88307
_red 724107
_sqr 75198
_sqrXn 11893
_sub 0
_zero 1232
_zeroXn 0
brent_kung_optpow 19625753
do_QXQ_eval 3542
gen_RgXQ_eval_powers 14037431
gen_bkeval 881526
gen_bkeval_powers 12120599
get_Rg_algebra 295001
rem 1057281
rfrac_deflate 140
rfrac_deflate_max 140
rfrac_deflate_order 140
zero_FpXQX_mod 91
zero_FpX_mod 83272

Generated by: LCOV version 1.16