Code coverage tests

This page documents the degree to which the PARI/GP source code is tested by our public test suite, distributed with the source distribution in directory src/test/. This is measured by the gcov utility; we then process gcov output using the lcov frond-end.

We test a few variants depending on Configure flags on the pari.math.u-bordeaux.fr machine (x86_64 architecture), and agregate them in the final report:

The target is to exceed 90% coverage for all mathematical modules (given that branches depending on DEBUGLEVEL or DEBUGMEM are not covered). This script is run to produce the results below.

LCOV - code coverage report
Current view: top level - headers - pariinl.h (source / functions) Hit Total Coverage
Test: PARI/GP v2.18.1 lcov report (development 30605-980f9eb85c) Lines: 1421 1535 92.6 %
Date: 2026-01-12 09:21:57 Functions: 649 707 91.8 %
Legend: Lines: hit not hit

Function Name Sort by function name Hit count Sort by hit count
F2m_clear 0
F2xX_shift 0
F3m_copy 0
F3m_set 0
FlxqX_div 0
Flxq_add 0
Flxq_sub 0
FpV_FpC_mul 0
FpXQ_add 0
FpXQ_sub 0
FqXQ_add 0
FqXQ_div 0
FqXQ_inv 0
FqXQ_invsafe 0
FqXQ_pow 0
FqXQ_sqr 0
FqXQ_sub 0
FqX_divrem 0
FqX_halfgcd 0
FqX_integ 0
FqXn_exp 0
FqXn_sqr 0
R_abs 0
RgX_isscalar 0
bid_get_gen_nocheck 0
bid_get_no 0
cbrtr 0
cbrtr_abs 0
closure_get_code 0
gchar_get_U 0
gchar_get_hnf 0
gmaxsg 0
gminsg 0
inv_content 0
is_qfb_t 0
mkcol4s 0
mkerr 0
mkmat5 0
mkvec5s 0
mkvec6 0
pari_err_FILE 0
pari_err_MAXPRIME 0
pari_err_PACKAGE 0
polx_zx 0
random_Fq 0
truecoef 0
trunc_safe 0
vec_setconst 0
vecmodii 0
vecsmall_coincidence 0
zero_F2m 0
zero_zm 0
zero_zx 0
zm_copy 0
zm_row 0
zm_to_zxV 0
zx_shift 0
zx_to_zv 0
FqX_ddf 7
FqX_factor_squarefree 7
mkrfraccopy 14
pari_err_BUG 14
znstar_get_no 14
RgM_gtomp 21
mkvec4s 21
pari_err_CONSTPOL 21
vecsmall_indexmax 21
vecsmall_indexmin 21
pari_err_FILEDESC 36
F2v_ei 42
RgV_gtofp 56
pari_err_IRREDPOL 63
pari_err_ROOTS0 63
bnr_get_gen_nocheck 70
mkmat4 84
pari_err_COPRIME 84
vecsmall_isin 84
vecsmall_pack 84
gal_get_e 91
mkcol5 94
Z_ispower 98
pari_err_FLAG 98
pari_err_PRIME 98
rnf_get_index 105
ellnf_get_bnf 119
RgX_to_RgV 140
pari_err_OVERFLOW 156
mkvecs 168
FqX_to_mod 175
pari_err_COMPONENT 214
nbits2ndec 228
pari_err_PREC 238
pari_err_PRIORITY 245
zm_transpose 266
rowsplice 273
err_get_compo 294
pol_xnall 294
mkvec6s 301
ellQp_get_prec 308
mkcol3s 315
gchar_get_nfree 322
gchar_get_ntors 322
get_F2xqX_mod 343
rnf_get_disc 357
pari_err_VAR 371
polxn_Flx 371
sturm 385
pari_err_OP 406
pari_err_IMPL 539
vecsmall_lengthen 547
RgC_gtomp 574
rnf_get_varn 574
gchar_get_r2 623
gchar_set_HUUi 630
gchar_set_nalg 630
gchar_set_nfree 630
gchar_set_ntors 630
bnf_get_reg 648
pari_err_DIM 718
perm_sqr 728
Rg_to_Fq 756
F2m_set 798
gchar_set_m0 945
row_i 987
RgM_minor 1036
quad_disc 1085
ellQp_get_p 1134
gchar_copy_precs 1225
gchar_set_prec 1225
rnf_get_invzk 1225
rnf_get_k 1225
locs_get_Lgenfil 1288
locs_get_famod 1288
FqX_powu 1295
pari_err_MODULUS 1316
zero_F2x 1350
rnf_get_idealdisc 1386
rnf_get_alpha 1428
ellQp_get_zero 1463
powIs 1561
gchar_set_basis 1575
gchar_set_cyc 1575
gchar_get_sfu 1743
gchar_set_evalprec 1813
mkintmodu 1813
gchar_get_nm 1869
pari_realloc 1890
RgXQX_div 1904
mkpadic 2009
gchar_get_nalg 2044
gchar_set_nf 2110
gchar_set_u0 2121
vecsmall_min 2345
vecreverse_inplace 2605
rnf_get_ramified_primes 2849
pari_err_DOMAIN 2862
gchar_set_nfprec 2968
vecsmall_reverse 3052
vecsmall_to_vec_inplace 3304
gchar_get_m0 3318
pari_err_TYPE2 3493
get_FpXQX_degree 3589
matpascal 3983
gchar_get_evalprec 4011
gchar_get_modP 4095
FqX_normalize 4144
nf_get_r2 4154
gchar_get_u0 4252
nf_get_zk 4382
nf_get_diff 4445
F2v_copy 4487
FpXQX_div 4526
rnf_get_zk 4830
rnf_get_nfvarn 4886
idealchineseinit 5427
pari_stack_pushp 5851
gal_get_p 6006
FqX_get_red 6090
gval 6230
FqXn_expint 6590
gal_get_orders 6678
is_extscalar_t 6876
pari_err_SQRTN 7084
FqXn_inv 7126
rnf_get_nfzk 7245
FqX_roots 7273
submuliu 7700
bnr_get_gen 7847
get_FlxqX_mod 8033
identity_ZV 8113
gchar_get_mod 8225
locs_get_mod 8225
ndec2nbits 8270
FqX_gcd 8288
bnf_get_no 8372
vectrunc_append_batch 9667
prec2ndec 9778
cgetalloc 10166
gchar_get_Ui 10983
vec_shorten 11557
ZX_equal1 12850
R_abs_shallow 13097
gchar_get_nfprec 13468
closure_get_dbg 13628
zx_renormalize 14049
pari_err_TYPE 15370
gal_get_gen 15435
znstar_get_gen 16150
gchar_get_cyc 16177
mkmat3 17001
zeropadic_shallow 17023
gchar_get_r1 17444
Fp_muls 17780
gchar_get_prec 18795
vec_lengthen 18960
FqX_halve 19411
pari_err_INV 20018
FpXY_Fq_evaly 20587
rnf_get_nfdegree 21455
FqX_mulu 21942
nf_get_Tr 22078
gtomp 22428
RgM_fpnorml2 22662
FqXQ_mul 22766
ZV_dvd 23485
gal_get_mod 23758
FqX_neg 24956
FqX_red 25354
bnf_get_fu 25858
nfV_to_scalar_or_alg 26300
gal_get_den 27867
gal_get_invvdm 27874
absfrac_shallow 28237
gequalgs 29176
zerovec_block 29654
gener_Fq_local 29946
gal_get_roots 32732
gchar_get_basis 32816
F2xqX_div 33173
ndec2prec 33279
mkcolcopy 33554
Qtoss 35322
gal_get_pol 36316
gchar_get_S 36995
gchar_get_ns 36995
closure_get_text 37065
gchar_get_nc 37261
FqX_rem 37743
F2v_to_F2x 37842
FqX_div 38567
FqX_deriv 40061
mkcols 40411
bid_get_arch 41188
ndec2nlong 41549
znstar_get_Ui 46788
pari_calloc 47720
FqX_degfact 47786
bid_get_sarch 48594
vecmoduu 49784
gchar_get_loccyc 50519
get_FpXQX_var 51630
locs_get_cyc 52136
div_content 58503
RgX_fpnorml2 61495
err_get_num 62536
bid_get_gen 64274
nf_get_ramified_primes 64644
RgX_is_rational 68164
FqX_sub 68607
mkquad 69118
FqX_div_by_X_x 69699
quadnorm 69881
FqX_sqr 71855
bid_get_ideal 72842
Fq_to_FpXQ 73652
vecsmall_shorten 75638
bnr_get_mod 77119
gal_get_group 80387
mkcol3 88314
gtou 99527
cyclic_perm 99911
mkcol4 103467
zv_to_zx 104146
mkmoo 108795
zeromat 109088
RgV_isin 110144
RgV_isin_i 110144
mkvec2copy 114529
Q_abs_shallow 120237
mkmatcopy 122275
mkveccopy 122521
RgXQX_rem 127635
FqX_add 127694
rnf_get_map 135659
idealred 138434
zeroser 138908
RgV_is_QV 140732
FqX_factor 140946
get_FpXQX_mod 146583
FlxqX_div_pre 165415
znstar_get_U 176107
rowslicepermute 185091
vecsmall_prepend 186970
gchar_get_DLdata 190673
locs_get_Lsprk 193935
F2m_copy 200477
get_F2xqX_degree 200851
rowcopy 204988
gchar_get_bnf 205373
mkmat22s 207578
locs_get_m_infty 209475
mkvec2s 220247
mkcol6 232470
ellR_get_prec 232750
zero_Flm_copy 238229
gchar_get_nf 243946
Fp_halve 247271
affc_fixlg 249622
rnf_get_nfpol 255354
znstar_get_cyc 262088
FqXn_mul 263403
get_FlxqX_var 264420
bnr_get_no 277487
gchar_get_zm 281911
bnf_get_tuN 283000
bnf_get_fu_nocheck 289087
bnf_get_tuU 303575
nf_get_G 304827
vec_prepend 313997
get_FlxqX_degree 317565
rnf_get_polabs 327628
Flx_constant 334028
cxtoreal 337208
upr_norm 346136
RgX_renormalize 349807
abgrp_get_no 354946
ZM_hnfrem 363779
FqX_mul 367704
ellR_get_sign 371535
get_F2xqX_var 375375
vecsplice 384922
RgX_is_QX 399932
perm_conj 418299
FqX_Fq_mul 427292
FqX_extgcd 444658
Z_issquare 458713
nf_get_disc 463480
precdbl 475354
RgX_shift_inplace 479366
RgX_shift_inplace_init 479366
zv_to_ZV 502982
vecsmall_to_vec 511781
nf_get_sign 519552
mkvec3s 524441
gdivsg 531592
addmuliu 535708
FqX_Fp_mul 571436
prec2nbits_mul 581165
vecsmall_ei 584725
ZM_ZV_mod 596473
RgC_fpnorml2 619844
FqX_is_squarefree 683802
vecreverse 697277
mkrfrac 698438
coltrunc_init 740250
logint 754830
gcmpgs 761928
row 763885
rnf_get_nf 786086
ellff_get_a4a6 800025
zero_F2m_copy 845060
FpXX_renormalize 849917
zeropadic 855819
gmin_shallow 877678
affgr 898866
ZXQ_sqr 960339
cgetc 975461
Flx_lead 978189
polx_F2x 1078806
pr_norm 1090453
sstoQ 1097215
Fp_invsafe 1100358
Flx_mulu 1105377
vecsmall_max 1164088
mkfracss 1209563
RgV_isscalar 1210272
gen_I 1269688
RgX_is_monomial 1331355
mkoo 1331921
bnf_get_sunits 1367773
rnf_get_absdegree 1392746
bnr_get_nf 1399069
zero_Flx 1426826
guncloneNULL_deep 1427050
constant_coeff 1441142
Rg_col_ei 1450958
inf_get_sign 1452966
vecsmall_concat 1464222
nf_get_varn 1503553
bid_get_mod 1521922
F2m_flip 1554354
F2v_flip 1554354
F2x_flip 1554354
F2x_div 1571507
uutoQ 1600198
nf_get_roots 1628895
bnf_get_gen 1680307
vec_ei 1713861
mkvecsmall5 1717537
ulogint 1720328
gsubgs 1724808
nf_get_roundG 1748129
abgrp_get_gen 1765017
ellinf 1869972
modpr_get_p 1887627
killblock 1916034
get_F2x_degree 1928948
Flx_div 1997974
ellnf_get_nf 2027220
ellff_get_field 2036844
bnr_get_bid 2046075
ell_get_j 2126269
bid_get_MOD 2157233
bid_get_sprk 2157957
ZXQ_mul 2161167
zv_copy 2183770
bid_get_fact2 2201558
gc_slice 2204057
pol_xn 2249279
pari_realloc_ip 2255330
bid_get_archp 2397104
bid_get_fact 2498918
get_F2x_mod 2499173
rnf_get_degree 2506335
bnr_get_cyc 2522551
get_F2x_var 2533849
ell_get_b4 2550216
Flv_copy 2555009
mul_content 2657080
RgX_coeff 2669861
vecslicepermute 2690477
hash_str 2756814
cyc_get_expo 2757534
perm_inv 2781841
sqrtnr 2810090
zero_Flm 2829355
bnr_get_clgp 2830220
rnf_get_pol 2845192
znstar_get_pe 2869063
F2x_equal1 2874052
bnf_get_logfu 2874766
gisdouble 2995899
mkpolmod 3103725
Fq_red 3106218
bit_accuracy_mul 3175472
ZV_to_zv 3211408
identity_perm 3241366
F3m_coeff 3255868
identity_zv 3265715
znstar_get_conreygen 3290176
ell_get_b8 3297414
get_FpX_mod 3394347
vec_append 3465052
zero_F2v 3647719
bid_get_U 3680212
bnf_get_cyc 3686147
bnr_get_bnf 3710934
nf_get_index 3711384
pol_1 3755671
pol_x 3856987
ell_get_b6 3863115
mulsubii 3881345
pol1_F2x 3956501
vec_to_vecsmall 4036608
vecsmall_append 4099602
sqrfrac 4148198
vecsmall_copy 4403844
mkcol2s 4416244
F2x_equal 4666005
FpXQX_renormalize 4693993
mkmat 4750909
qfb_disc3 4995855
mkfraccopy 4999661
is_rational_t 5032435
bnf_get_clgp 5374997
nf_get_zkprimpart 5413997
nf_get_zkden 5459836
pari_stack_delete 5556896
FpX_div 5581176
checkell_i 5593230
isintm1 5710000
bid_get_cyc 5739806
bid_get_grp 5804653
col_ei 5924552
pari_stack_init 6051347
get_FpX_degree 6424442
Flm_copy 6433493
sqrti 6610177
get_FpX_var 6958035
RgX_div 7000642
vecsmall_lexcmp 7043259
ell_get_a2 7106177
ZM_lll 7117554
RgX_gtofp 7144722
znstar_get_faN 7331711
ell_get_b2 7371028
ZX_is_monic 7374328
zc_to_ZC 7824584
vecsmall_to_col 7838766
znstar_get_conreycyc 7979693
F2m_coeff 8038935
Q_abs 8062648
mkintmod 8092674
ZV_ZV_mod 8131455
RgM_gtofp 8257738
Flx_equal1 8329952
gc_INT_affii 8488278
ell_get_a4 8536718
Flm_row 8741211
ell_get_a3 8814043
ell_get_a1 8997076
cxtofp 9078732
veclast 9372699
ismpzero 9584450
is_intreal_t 9584556
const_col 9729681
RgM_dimensions 9741716
nf_get_invzk 9767155
bnf_get_nf 9865148
mkvec4 10093774
ser_isexactzero 10120284
ell_get_a6 10370956
mkcol 10639682
ZC_hnfrem 10697371
mul_denom 10707609
ell_get_c4 11017828
Fp_addmul 11249666
vectrunc_init 11767308
pr_get_gen 12071045
abgrp_get_cyc 12230759
F2v_clear 12354078
F2x_clear 12354081
ell_get_type 12498758
nbits2nlong 12745544
pol0_F2x 13245062
ell_get_c6 13474317
gmax_shallow 13510198
modpr_get_T 13867109
closure_get_frame 14157977
zeromatcopy 14249648
rowpermute 14705109
Fp_div 15034248
Fp_divu 15128539
mkvec5 15185678
vectrunc_append 15851300
pr_get_e 16161710
ell_get_disc 16814616
matslice 16818199
normalize_frac 17205086
pr_is_inert 17223735
isint1 17584620
Fp_center_i 18016701
cxcompotor 18209211
qfb_disc 18502464
mkvecsmall4 18657326
const_vecsmall 19705787
vecpermute 20548722
Fp_double 20846712
Flx_div_pre 21688419
nf_get_M 21745506
RgM_shallowcopy 22179047
RgX_is_ZX 22423250
gmulgs 22592562
Fp_inv 23440744
nf_get_r1 23466011
ZV_isscalar 23674740
get_Flx_mod 25594221
pr_get_f 26442750
RgX_equal_var 26883021
shallowcopy 27631787
mkqfb 27929799
zerovec 28453587
modpr_get_pr 31236630
Fp_neg 31476313
hash_str_len 31544952
submulii 31982591
RgV_is_ZV 32158278
mkmat2 33653905
RgC_gtofp 34029787
const_vec 34477250
zero_zv 36731886
polx_Flx 37485442
lincombii 38223549
znstar_get_N 38655073
mkfrac 41640208
zeropol 42354031
powii 43130302
is_vec_t 43946442
closure_is_variadic 44789552
absfrac 46638774
guncloneNULL 47922984
pr_get_tau 49767762
mkmat22 50283995
ell_is_inf 52392125
QV_isscalar 54415577
pol1_Flx 55051503
addmuliu_inplace 59629413
zero_Flv 59668872
submuliu_inplace 60120380
F2x_copy 60479011
gtodouble 60776169
is_real_t 62062463
qfb_is_qfi 62326721
Fp_sqr 63555511
Fp_mulu 66827790
get_Flx_var 68348057
mkvec 71105776
nf_get_degree 71368642
Fp_center 77166989
vecsmallpermute 78692552
rowslice 79291468
sqrtr 80367985
perm_mul 80887958
get_Flx_degree 81920117
Fp_red 82193321
pol_0 82996603
gtos 85855630
is_noncalc_t 85871060
cxnorm 91196239
mkcomplex 91598539
pr_get_p 92749636
dbllog2r 92812398
nf_get_pol 98106982
vecsmalltrunc_append 100871557
F2v_set 101403800
cgiv 102679292
RgX_copy 103406537
pol0_Flx 103471337
prec2nbits 103962944
mkvecsmall3 104170819
vecsmall_prefixcmp 108088071
gc_all 109638142
F2x_renormalize 115285126
mkvec3 116800605
zerocol 122328420
gaddgs 123248639
both_odd 123921984
F2x_set 124744489
nchar2nlong 127388108
mkvecsmall 131633463
equalim1 139505015
bit_prec 143241895
FpX_renormalize 144210386
ZX_renormalize 154959198
mkcol2 156889403
nbrows 157459249
leading_coeff 170260676
Flx_copy 173177210
Fp_add 181048773
mkvec2 185450913
nbits2prec 186123521
vecsmalltrunc_init 190285528
Fp_mul 200762021
Fp_sub 202508345
mkvecsmall2 234843667
gtofp 254289611
gc_GEN 255448822
gmulgu 282059385
lg_increase 318013121
closure_get_data 321557056
closure_get_oper 321581302
closure_codestr 321596771
is_universal_constant 326024714
lgcols 351580793
closure_arity 371450308
is_scalar_t 375656782
bin_copy 496051563
pari_free 509444149
is_bigint 563398117
leafcopy_avma 577339292
vecslice 655774728
is_matvec_t 659541009
F2v_coeff 661322854
F2x_coeff 667839879
pari_malloc 745348246
pari_stack_new 924966211
GENbinbase 961886973
pari_stack_alloc 1019654025
pari_stack_base 1025153741
gc_leaf 1135173283
equali1 1174343215
nbits2extraprec 1457931435
gc_upto 1953494452
odd 2089208934
is_pm1 2204609877
lgpol 2684161505
isintzero 2843855700
bit_accuracy 3159520597
gc_INT 4110638214
prec2lg 4468432650
is_const_t 4897482424
degpol 5485340878
remsBIL 8000588182
icopy_avma 8039708614
divsBIL 8091057551
isonstack 8270016779
is_recursive_t 9234009477

Generated by: LCOV version 1.16