Code coverage tests

This page documents the degree to which the PARI/GP source code is tested by our public test suite, distributed with the source distribution in directory src/test/. This is measured by the gcov utility; we then process gcov output using the lcov frond-end.

We test a few variants depending on Configure flags on the pari.math.u-bordeaux.fr machine (x86_64 architecture), and agregate them in the final report:

The target is to exceed 90% coverage for all mathematical modules (given that branches depending on DEBUGLEVEL or DEBUGMEM are not covered). This script is run to produce the results below.

LCOV - code coverage report
Current view: top level - headers - pariinl.h (source / functions) Hit Total Coverage
Test: PARI/GP v2.18.1 lcov report (development 30590-f14e077362) Lines: 1420 1535 92.5 %
Date: 2026-01-01 09:21:12 Functions: 649 707 91.8 %
Legend: Lines: hit not hit

Function Name Sort by function name Hit count Sort by hit count
F2m_clear 0
F2xX_shift 0
F3m_copy 0
F3m_set 0
FlxqX_div 0
Flxq_add 0
Flxq_sub 0
FpV_FpC_mul 0
FpXQ_add 0
FpXQ_sub 0
FqXQ_add 0
FqXQ_div 0
FqXQ_inv 0
FqXQ_invsafe 0
FqXQ_pow 0
FqXQ_sqr 0
FqXQ_sub 0
FqX_divrem 0
FqX_halfgcd 0
FqX_integ 0
FqXn_exp 0
FqXn_sqr 0
R_abs 0
RgX_isscalar 0
bid_get_gen_nocheck 0
bid_get_no 0
cbrtr 0
cbrtr_abs 0
closure_get_code 0
gchar_get_U 0
gchar_get_hnf 0
gmaxsg 0
gminsg 0
inv_content 0
is_qfb_t 0
mkcol4s 0
mkerr 0
mkmat5 0
mkvec5s 0
mkvec6 0
pari_err_FILE 0
pari_err_MAXPRIME 0
pari_err_PACKAGE 0
polx_zx 0
random_Fq 0
truecoef 0
trunc_safe 0
vec_setconst 0
vecmodii 0
vecsmall_coincidence 0
zero_F2m 0
zero_zm 0
zero_zx 0
zm_copy 0
zm_row 0
zm_to_zxV 0
zx_shift 0
zx_to_zv 0
FqX_ddf 7
FqX_factor_squarefree 7
mkrfraccopy 14
pari_err_BUG 14
znstar_get_no 14
RgM_gtomp 21
mkvec4s 21
pari_err_CONSTPOL 21
vecsmall_indexmax 21
vecsmall_indexmin 21
pari_err_FILEDESC 36
F2v_ei 42
RgV_gtofp 56
pari_err_IRREDPOL 63
pari_err_ROOTS0 63
bnr_get_gen_nocheck 70
mkmat4 84
pari_err_COPRIME 84
vecsmall_isin 84
vecsmall_pack 84
gal_get_e 91
mkcol5 94
Z_ispower 98
pari_err_FLAG 98
pari_err_PRIME 98
rnf_get_index 105
ellnf_get_bnf 119
RgX_to_RgV 140
pari_err_OVERFLOW 156
mkvecs 168
FqX_to_mod 175
pari_err_COMPONENT 214
nbits2ndec 228
pari_err_PREC 238
pari_err_PRIORITY 238
zm_transpose 266
rowsplice 273
err_get_compo 294
pol_xnall 294
mkvec6s 301
ellQp_get_prec 308
mkcol3s 315
gchar_get_nfree 322
gchar_get_ntors 322
get_F2xqX_mod 343
rnf_get_disc 357
pari_err_VAR 371
polxn_Flx 371
sturm 385
pari_err_OP 406
pari_err_IMPL 539
vecsmall_lengthen 547
RgC_gtomp 574
rnf_get_varn 574
gchar_get_r2 623
gchar_set_HUUi 630
gchar_set_nalg 630
gchar_set_nfree 630
gchar_set_ntors 630
bnf_get_reg 648
pari_err_DIM 718
perm_sqr 728
Rg_to_Fq 756
F2m_set 798
gchar_set_m0 945
row_i 987
RgM_minor 1036
quad_disc 1085
ellQp_get_p 1134
gchar_copy_precs 1225
gchar_set_prec 1225
rnf_get_invzk 1225
rnf_get_k 1225
locs_get_Lgenfil 1288
locs_get_famod 1288
FqX_powu 1295
pari_err_MODULUS 1316
zero_F2x 1350
rnf_get_idealdisc 1386
rnf_get_alpha 1428
ellQp_get_zero 1463
powIs 1561
gchar_set_basis 1575
gchar_set_cyc 1575
gchar_get_sfu 1743
gchar_set_evalprec 1813
mkintmodu 1813
gchar_get_nm 1869
pari_realloc 1890
RgXQX_div 1904
mkpadic 2009
gchar_get_nalg 2044
gchar_set_nf 2110
gchar_set_u0 2121
vecsmall_min 2345
vecreverse_inplace 2605
rnf_get_ramified_primes 2849
pari_err_DOMAIN 2862
gchar_set_nfprec 2968
vecsmall_reverse 3052
vecsmall_to_vec_inplace 3304
gchar_get_m0 3318
pari_err_TYPE2 3493
get_FpXQX_degree 3589
matpascal 3983
gchar_get_evalprec 4011
gchar_get_modP 4095
FqX_normalize 4144
nf_get_r2 4154
gchar_get_u0 4252
nf_get_zk 4382
nf_get_diff 4445
F2v_copy 4487
FpXQX_div 4526
rnf_get_zk 4830
rnf_get_nfvarn 4886
idealchineseinit 5427
pari_stack_pushp 5851
gal_get_p 6006
FqX_get_red 6090
gval 6230
FqXn_expint 6590
gal_get_orders 6678
is_extscalar_t 6876
pari_err_SQRTN 7084
FqXn_inv 7126
rnf_get_nfzk 7245
FqX_roots 7273
submuliu 7700
bnr_get_gen 7847
get_FlxqX_mod 8033
identity_ZV 8113
gchar_get_mod 8225
locs_get_mod 8225
ndec2nbits 8270
FqX_gcd 8288
bnf_get_no 8365
vectrunc_append_batch 9667
prec2ndec 9778
cgetalloc 10166
gchar_get_Ui 10983
vec_shorten 11557
ZX_equal1 12850
R_abs_shallow 13097
gchar_get_nfprec 13468
closure_get_dbg 13621
zx_renormalize 14049
pari_err_TYPE 15370
gal_get_gen 15435
znstar_get_gen 16150
gchar_get_cyc 16177
mkmat3 17001
zeropadic_shallow 17024
gchar_get_r1 17444
Fp_muls 17780
gchar_get_prec 18795
vec_lengthen 18960
FqX_halve 19411
pari_err_INV 20018
FpXY_Fq_evaly 20587
rnf_get_nfdegree 21455
FqX_mulu 21942
nf_get_Tr 22081
gtomp 22428
RgM_fpnorml2 22662
FqXQ_mul 22766
ZV_dvd 23485
gal_get_mod 23758
FqX_neg 24956
FqX_red 25354
bnf_get_fu 25859
nfV_to_scalar_or_alg 26300
gal_get_den 27867
gal_get_invvdm 27874
absfrac_shallow 28237
gequalgs 29176
zerovec_block 29654
gener_Fq_local 29946
gal_get_roots 32732
gchar_get_basis 32816
F2xqX_div 33173
ndec2prec 33279
mkcolcopy 33538
Qtoss 35322
gal_get_pol 36316
gchar_get_S 36995
gchar_get_ns 36995
closure_get_text 37051
gchar_get_nc 37261
FqX_rem 37743
F2v_to_F2x 37788
FqX_div 38567
FqX_deriv 40061
mkcols 40411
bid_get_arch 41187
ndec2nlong 41549
znstar_get_Ui 46788
pari_calloc 47713
FqX_degfact 47786
bid_get_sarch 48594
vecmoduu 49784
gchar_get_loccyc 50519
get_FpXQX_var 51630
locs_get_cyc 52136
div_content 58517
RgX_fpnorml2 61495
err_get_num 62522
bid_get_gen 64274
nf_get_ramified_primes 64645
RgX_is_rational 68166
FqX_sub 68607
mkquad 69118
FqX_div_by_X_x 69699
quadnorm 69881
FqX_sqr 71855
bid_get_ideal 72842
Fq_to_FpXQ 73652
vecsmall_shorten 75638
bnr_get_mod 77119
gal_get_group 80388
mkcol3 88314
gtou 99532
cyclic_perm 99911
mkcol4 103467
zv_to_zx 104146
mkmoo 108779
zeromat 109122
RgV_isin 110144
RgV_isin_i 110144
mkvec2copy 114510
Q_abs_shallow 120234
mkmatcopy 122233
mkveccopy 122521
RgXQX_rem 127635
FqX_add 127694
rnf_get_map 135659
idealred 138460
zeroser 138908
RgV_is_QV 140726
FqX_factor 140946
get_FpXQX_mod 146583
FlxqX_div_pre 165412
znstar_get_U 176107
rowslicepermute 184563
vecsmall_prepend 186970
gchar_get_DLdata 190673
locs_get_Lsprk 193935
F2m_copy 200475
get_F2xqX_degree 200851
rowcopy 204988
gchar_get_bnf 205373
mkmat22s 207578
locs_get_m_infty 209475
mkvec2s 220243
mkcol6 232470
ellR_get_prec 232750
zero_Flm_copy 238202
gchar_get_nf 243946
Fp_halve 247271
affc_fixlg 249623
rnf_get_nfpol 255354
znstar_get_cyc 262088
FqXn_mul 263403
get_FlxqX_var 264420
bnr_get_no 277489
gchar_get_zm 281911
bnf_get_tuN 282995
bnf_get_fu_nocheck 289080
bnf_get_tuU 303573
nf_get_G 303761
vec_prepend 313994
get_FlxqX_degree 317565
rnf_get_polabs 327628
Flx_constant 334029
cxtoreal 337207
upr_norm 346135
RgX_renormalize 349807
abgrp_get_no 354943
ZM_hnfrem 363798
FqX_mul 367697
ellR_get_sign 371535
get_F2xqX_var 375375
vecsplice 384911
RgX_is_QX 399935
perm_conj 418299
FqX_Fq_mul 427293
FqX_extgcd 444660
Z_issquare 458706
nf_get_disc 463474
precdbl 475374
RgX_shift_inplace 479366
RgX_shift_inplace_init 479366
zv_to_ZV 502982
vecsmall_to_vec 511781
nf_get_sign 519544
mkvec3s 524441
gdivsg 531591
addmuliu 535771
FqX_Fp_mul 571431
prec2nbits_mul 581166
vecsmall_ei 584719
ZM_ZV_mod 596493
RgC_fpnorml2 619838
FqX_is_squarefree 683802
vecreverse 697276
mkrfrac 698439
coltrunc_init 740250
logint 754834
gcmpgs 761923
row 763885
rnf_get_nf 786086
ellff_get_a4a6 800024
zero_F2m_copy 845046
FpXX_renormalize 849917
zeropadic 855681
gmin_shallow 877657
affgr 898866
ZXQ_sqr 960425
cgetc 975460
Flx_lead 978796
polx_F2x 1078679
pr_norm 1089334
sstoQ 1097215
Fp_invsafe 1100356
Flx_mulu 1105434
vecsmall_max 1164187
mkfracss 1209563
RgV_isscalar 1210276
gen_I 1269706
RgX_is_monomial 1331319
mkoo 1331845
bnf_get_sunits 1367774
bnr_get_nf 1368104
rnf_get_absdegree 1392746
zero_Flx 1426755
guncloneNULL_deep 1434428
constant_coeff 1441146
Rg_col_ei 1451032
inf_get_sign 1452878
vecsmall_concat 1464238
nf_get_varn 1503551
bid_get_mod 1521922
F2m_flip 1554229
F2v_flip 1554229
F2x_flip 1554229
F2x_div 1571076
uutoQ 1600198
nf_get_roots 1627788
bnf_get_gen 1680306
ulogint 1713182
vec_ei 1713875
mkvecsmall5 1717477
gsubgs 1724808
nf_get_roundG 1747091
abgrp_get_gen 1765021
ellinf 1869712
modpr_get_p 1888404
killblock 1919900
get_F2x_degree 1929036
Flx_div 1997978
ellnf_get_nf 2027224
ellff_get_field 2036857
bnr_get_bid 2046093
ell_get_j 2126269
bid_get_MOD 2157249
bid_get_sprk 2157974
ZXQ_mul 2161296
zv_copy 2183829
bid_get_fact2 2201571
gc_slice 2204118
pol_xn 2249273
pari_realloc_ip 2255660
bid_get_archp 2397120
bid_get_fact 2498920
get_F2x_mod 2499289
rnf_get_degree 2506335
bnr_get_cyc 2522578
get_F2x_var 2533969
ell_get_b4 2550216
Flv_copy 2555089
mul_content 2654234
RgX_coeff 2669861
vecslicepermute 2688766
hash_str 2756814
cyc_get_expo 2757554
perm_inv 2781895
sqrtnr 2809004
zero_Flm 2829140
bnr_get_clgp 2830260
rnf_get_pol 2845192
znstar_get_pe 2869063
F2x_equal1 2874255
bnf_get_logfu 2874761
gisdouble 2991363
mkpolmod 3103724
Fq_red 3106371
bit_accuracy_mul 3175472
ZV_to_zv 3211407
identity_perm 3241079
F3m_coeff 3255921
identity_zv 3265429
znstar_get_conreygen 3290176
ell_get_b8 3297414
get_FpX_mod 3394361
vec_append 3465070
zero_F2v 3647663
bid_get_U 3680227
bnf_get_cyc 3686140
nf_get_index 3711333
bnr_get_bnf 3751369
pol_1 3755702
pol_x 3856848
ell_get_b6 3863115
mulsubii 3881454
pol1_F2x 3957477
vec_to_vecsmall 4036625
vecsmall_append 4099606
sqrfrac 4148164
vecsmall_copy 4403808
mkcol2s 4416244
F2x_equal 4665477
FpXQX_renormalize 4694149
mkmat 4750878
qfb_disc3 4994549
mkfraccopy 4999451
is_rational_t 5032298
bnf_get_clgp 5374988
nf_get_zkprimpart 5417371
nf_get_zkden 5463117
pari_stack_delete 5580138
FpX_div 5581157
checkell_i 5593214
isintm1 5710177
bid_get_cyc 5739822
bid_get_grp 5804679
col_ei 5924576
pari_stack_init 6050661
get_FpX_degree 6424351
Flm_copy 6433383
sqrti 6664679
get_FpX_var 6957865
RgX_div 7000642
vecsmall_lexcmp 7043173
ell_get_a2 7106184
ZM_lll 7116235
RgX_gtofp 7144873
znstar_get_faN 7331711
ell_get_b2 7371024
ZX_is_monic 7374311
zc_to_ZC 7823861
vecsmall_to_col 7838042
znstar_get_conreycyc 7979693
F2m_coeff 8038692
Q_abs 8062646
mkintmod 8092592
ZV_ZV_mod 8131479
RgM_gtofp 8257583
Flx_equal1 8330165
gc_INT_affii 8489013
ell_get_a4 8536725
Flm_row 8741353
ell_get_a3 8814044
ell_get_a1 8997077
cxtofp 9079350
veclast 9372680
ismpzero 9585694
is_intreal_t 9585817
const_col 9729648
RgM_dimensions 9741366
nf_get_invzk 9767342
bnf_get_nf 9863865
mkvec4 10093621
ser_isexactzero 10120284
ell_get_a6 10370963
mkcol 10639866
ZC_hnfrem 10695901
mul_denom 10710860
ell_get_c4 11017758
Fp_addmul 11262165
vectrunc_init 11769081
pr_get_gen 12066903
abgrp_get_cyc 12230800
F2v_clear 12353798
F2x_clear 12353798
ell_get_type 12498817
nbits2nlong 12747932
pol0_F2x 13245860
ell_get_c6 13474120
gmax_shallow 13510199
modpr_get_T 13867426
closure_get_frame 14157541
zeromatcopy 14248018
rowpermute 14704769
Fp_div 15034710
Fp_divu 15129185
mkvec5 15185643
vectrunc_append 15851147
pr_get_e 16101631
ell_get_disc 16815152
matslice 16818002
pr_is_inert 17145619
normalize_frac 17205096
isint1 17584742
Fp_center_i 18016291
cxcompotor 18210429
qfb_disc 18502528
mkvecsmall4 18656449
const_vecsmall 19699655
vecpermute 20540764
Fp_double 20932770
nf_get_M 21307033
Flx_div_pre 21685159
RgM_shallowcopy 22172084
RgX_is_ZX 22423132
gmulgs 22522181
nf_get_r1 23027405
ZV_isscalar 23233870
Fp_inv 23438308
get_Flx_mod 25593179
pr_get_f 26341341
RgX_equal_var 26883014
shallowcopy 27626266
mkqfb 27927187
zerovec 28453479
modpr_get_pr 31237638
Fp_neg 31479506
hash_str_len 31544569
RgV_is_ZV 32158323
submulii 32838828
mkmat2 33652069
RgC_gtofp 34028428
const_vec 34471181
zero_zv 36732130
polx_Flx 37479575
lincombii 38205880
znstar_get_N 38655073
mkfrac 41635778
zeropol 42353980
powii 43126824
is_vec_t 43939509
closure_is_variadic 44788706
absfrac 46638555
guncloneNULL 47930116
pr_get_tau 49563762
mkmat22 50251311
ell_is_inf 52378666
QV_isscalar 54414188
pol1_Flx 55051467
zero_Flv 59654588
addmuliu_inplace 59709085
submuliu_inplace 60198448
F2x_copy 60490473
gtodouble 60779886
is_real_t 62062463
qfb_is_qfi 62325445
Fp_sqr 63968593
Fp_mulu 68251390
get_Flx_var 68347302
mkvec 71113065
nf_get_degree 71363177
Fp_center 77166219
vecsmallpermute 78697914
rowslice 79316047
sqrtr 80367100
perm_mul 80893217
Fp_red 82191935
get_Flx_degree 82595425
pol_0 82996650
gtos 85855677
is_noncalc_t 85875105
cxnorm 91199470
mkcomplex 91605625
pr_get_p 92474384
dbllog2r 92816001
nf_get_pol 98072657
vecsmalltrunc_append 100839528
F2v_set 101403487
cgiv 102260455
RgX_copy 103406485
pol0_Flx 103475276
prec2nbits 103959449
mkvecsmall3 104161426
vecsmall_prefixcmp 108088071
gc_all 109627356
F2x_renormalize 115275840
mkvec3 118789417
zerocol 122316396
gaddgs 123248636
both_odd 123778537
F2x_set 124758871
nchar2nlong 127381350
mkvecsmall 131630181
equalim1 139505282
bit_prec 142792025
FpX_renormalize 144207413
ZX_renormalize 154971322
mkcol2 156796306
nbrows 157431996
leading_coeff 170259870
Flx_copy 173157551
Fp_add 181142122
mkvec2 184397457
nbits2prec 186107925
vecsmalltrunc_init 188072433
Fp_mul 200782146
Fp_sub 203338647
mkvecsmall2 234840087
gtofp 254293945
gc_GEN 255452715
gmulgu 282059384
lg_increase 313184177
closure_get_data 321306900
closure_get_oper 321323976
closure_codestr 321327088
is_universal_constant 325753272
lgcols 350598117
closure_arity 371213271
is_scalar_t 375661325
bin_copy 495980278
pari_free 509348122
is_bigint 562893043
leafcopy_avma 577304569
vecslice 656148144
is_matvec_t 659325998
F2v_coeff 661319131
F2x_coeff 667896221
pari_malloc 745240983
pari_stack_new 924767260
GENbinbase 961750582
pari_stack_alloc 1019455975
pari_stack_base 1025002730
gc_leaf 1136263330
equali1 1174210639
nbits2extraprec 1456752653
gc_upto 1951835838
odd 2088470191
is_pm1 2203178179
lgpol 2686112788
isintzero 2842192443
bit_accuracy 3156198771
gc_INT 4106472711
prec2lg 4468002384
is_const_t 4893768186
degpol 5491118017
remsBIL 7996002568
icopy_avma 8035280224
divsBIL 8086905131
isonstack 8265386610
is_recursive_t 9233775798

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