Code coverage tests

This page documents the degree to which the PARI/GP source code is tested by our public test suite, distributed with the source distribution in directory src/test/. This is measured by the gcov utility; we then process gcov output using the lcov frond-end.

We test a few variants depending on Configure flags on the pari.math.u-bordeaux.fr machine (x86_64 architecture), and agregate them in the final report:

The target is to exceed 90% coverage for all mathematical modules (given that branches depending on DEBUGLEVEL or DEBUGMEM are not covered). This script is run to produce the results below.

LCOV - code coverage report
Current view: top level - basemath - arith1.c (source / functions) Hit Total Coverage
Test: PARI/GP v2.18.1 lcov report (development 30604-e5d817ee12) Lines: 2080 2301 90.4 %
Date: 2026-01-08 09:21:40 Functions: 218 233 93.6 %
Legend: Lines: hit not hit

Function Name Sort by function name Hit count Sort by hit count
ECP_psi 837
Fl_2gener_pre 188808
Fl_2gener_pre_i 65849
Fl_2powu 4358594
Fl_2powu_pre 12890515
Fl_lgener_pre_all 147039
Fl_log 132361
Fl_log_Fp 0
Fl_log_naive 132361
Fl_log_naive_pre 29008
Fl_log_pre 29406
Fl_order 546540
Fl_powers 296050
Fl_powers_pre 13039360
Fl_powu 141329790
Fl_powu_pre 166034498
Fl_sqrt 12404410
Fl_sqrt_i 12526457
Fl_sqrt_pre 23314752
Fl_sqrt_pre_i 35912540
Fl_sqrtl 0
Fl_sqrtl_pre 229924
Fl_sqrtl_raw 232883
Fl_sqrtn 233409
Fl_sqrtn_pre 233409
FpV_prod 497
Fp_2gener 3222
Fp_2gener_all 5909
Fp_2gener_i 19392
Fp_easylog 8819460
Fp_factored_order 70
Fp_gausssum 351
Fp_invgen 6095748
Fp_invmBarrett 14036
Fp_log 4259571
Fp_log_find_ind 126
Fp_log_find_rel 126
Fp_log_halfgcd 56551
Fp_log_index 63
Fp_log_sieve 63
Fp_log_sieve_worker 30255
Fp_log_use_index 5039786
Fp_order 136406
Fp_pow 37752439
Fp_pow_init 105
Fp_pow_table 43694
Fp_powers 5931
Fp_pows 1346197
Fp_powu 1754386
Fp_rem_mBarrett 8296561
Fp_rootsof1 820
Fp_select_red 869480
Fp_sqrt 4844144
Fp_sqrt_i 4897838
Fp_sqrt_ii 75173
Fp_sqrtn 173541
Fp_sqrts 18946
Qsfcont 3137414
ZMV_producttree 0
ZM_nv_mod_tree 215591
ZM_nv_mod_tree_t 221048
ZT_sqr 13612681
ZVV_nv_mod_tree 5457
ZV_allpnqn 894831
ZV_chinese 5141
ZV_chinese_center 157114
ZV_chinese_tree 40700396
ZV_chinesetree 2631096
ZV_invdivexact 2631077
ZV_nv_mod_tree 1235047
ZV_producttree 2634988
ZV_sqr 2631098
ZXC_nv_mod_tree 5634
ZXM_nv_mod_tree 491
ZXX_nv_mod_tree 254444
ZX_nv_mod_tree 3096785
Z_ZV_mod 0
Z_ZV_mod_tree 58122667
Z_chinese 2142
Z_chinese_all 268112
Z_chinese_coprime 546970
Z_chinese_post 3072621
Z_chinese_pre 271832
Z_factor_listP 350651
Z_nv_mod 0
Zp_order 70
_Fp_add 1175565
_Fp_equal0 260724
_Fp_inv 34307
_Fp_mul 14228490
_Fp_neg 1086846
_Fp_one 47162
_Fp_pow 28603356
_Fp_rand 160
_Fp_red 889913
_Fp_rmul 575346
_Fp_s 19075
_Fp_sqr 8134253
_computeG 837
_gc_upto 112
_mul2_montred 9355754
_mul2_remii 3509637
_mul2_remiibar 1797854
_mul_montred 6663471
_mul_remii 1471794
_mul_remiibar 717268
_psi 1714
_sqr_montred 63057911
_sqr_remii 23269528
_sqr_remiibar 7579293
addifsmooth1 2163
addifsmooth2 83825
bestappr 105622
bestapprPade 119
bestapprPade0 126
bestappr_Q 2291971
bestappr_RgX 119
bestappr_frac 7
bestappr_real 1273272
bestappr_ser 98
check_kernel 63
checkp 2577087
chinese 5495
chinese1 2415
chinese1_coprime_Z 2460689
chinese1_coprime_Z_aux 2253538
compute_nbgen 63
contfrac0 49
contfracpnqn 266
err_oo 56
err_p 161
err_prec 196
factorial_Fl 56817
factorial_Fp 186
fibo 7
gboundcf 3142391
gc_chinese 980512
gc_empty 42
gcf 126
gcf2 0
gen_chinese 2463104
gener_Zp 259
get_Fp_field 6963
get_PHI 98
gome 5846345
hilbert 62314
hilbertii 140826
icopy_lg 3137064
init_montdata 661596
intmod2polmod 21
is_gener_Fl 1662284
is_gener_Fp 13966
is_gener_expo 4909
istotient 70000
istotient_i 621565
krois 40089
kroiu 27627194
kronecker 12750856
krosi 159682
kross 100335616
kroui 35689
krouodd 195370
krouu 102495127
krouu_s 235270955
lcmii 54524262
lift_intmod 420
lift_padic 210
lucas 56
mod_to_frac 42
mod_to_rfrac 112
mpfact 498564
mphilbertoo 7329
mpprimorial 105
muls_interval 595
mulu_interval 159077
mulu_interval_step 92767
ncV_chinese_center 10333
ncV_chinese_center_tree 5457
ncV_polint_center_tree 1512654
nmV_chinese_center 378506
nmV_chinese_center_tree 0
nmV_chinese_center_tree_seq 120531
nmV_polint_center_tree 378506
nmV_polint_center_tree_seq 120530
nmV_polint_center_tree_worker 973316
nonsquare1_Fl 12029741
nonsquare_Fl 7930
nonsquare_Fp 1458
nxCV_chinese_center 0
nxCV_chinese_center_tree 0
nxCV_polint_center_tree 6585
nxMV_chinese_center 104
nxMV_chinese_center_tree_seq 491
nxMV_polint_center_tree 104
nxMV_polint_center_tree_seq 491
nxMV_polint_center_tree_worker 1225
nxV_chinese_center 429316
nxV_chinese_center_tree 303785
nxV_polint_center_tree 875484
odd_prime_divisors 1812
ome 334124373
opt_param 63
padic2mod 21
pgener_Fl 574898
pgener_Fl_local 1080963
pgener_Fp 44282
pgener_Fp_local 412279
pgener_Zl 205549
pgener_Zp 170793
pnqn 0
polint_chinese 378610
remove2 1812
rootsof1_Fl 215522
rootsof1_Fp 0
rootsof1u_Fp 3033
rt 169813
serPade 49
sersfcont 0
sfcont2 14
sqrt_Cipolla 0
sqrt_Cipolla_msqr 0
sqrt_Cipolla_sqr 0
to_ZX 1885729
tr 59731
u_chinese_coprime 1638750
u_chinese_post 1638757
u_is_gener_expo 544968
u_odd_prime_divisors 463918
u_remove2 463917
znlog 238
znlog_rec 126
znorder 63
znprimroot 329

Generated by: LCOV version 1.16