Code coverage tests

This page documents the degree to which the PARI/GP source code is tested by our public test suite, distributed with the source distribution in directory src/test/. This is measured by the gcov utility; we then process gcov output using the lcov frond-end.

We test a few variants depending on Configure flags on the pari.math.u-bordeaux.fr machine (x86_64 architecture), and agregate them in the final report:

• with GMP kernel
• with GMP kernel using --mt=pthread
• with native kernel, including micro-assembler code
• with native kernel, without micro-assembler
• with native kernel, without micro-assembler, disabling GCC extensions (DISABLE_INLINE)
• with GMP kernel, emulating an x86_32 architecture at Configure time via setarch

The target is to exceed 90% coverage for all mathematical modules (given that branches depending on DEBUGLEVEL or DEBUGMEM are not covered). This script is run to produce the results below.

LCOV - code coverage report

Current view: top level - basemath - arith1.c (source / functions) Hit Total Coverage Test: PARI/GP v2.18.1 lcov report (development 30571-c0dfe82732) Lines: 2080 2301 90.4 % Date: 2025-12-07 09:22:06 Functions: 218 233 93.6 % Legend: Lines: hit not hit

Function Name	Hit count
ECP_psi	837
Fl_2gener_pre	193799
Fl_2gener_pre_i	65765
Fl_2powu	4359417
Fl_2powu_pre	12942300
Fl_lgener_pre_all	148554
Fl_log	132569
Fl_log_Fp	0
Fl_log_naive	132569
Fl_log_naive_pre	29127
Fl_log_pre	29525
Fl_order	546582
Fl_powers	296078
Fl_powers_pre	13101242
Fl_powu	141688946
Fl_powu_pre	165441107
Fl_sqrt	12489741
Fl_sqrt_i	12611199
Fl_sqrt_pre	22633745
Fl_sqrt_pre_i	35316136
Fl_sqrtl	0
Fl_sqrtl_pre	233576
Fl_sqrtl_raw	236536
Fl_sqrtn	233410
Fl_sqrtn_pre	233410
FpV_prod	497
Fp_2gener	3327
Fp_2gener_all	5916
Fp_2gener_i	19392
Fp_easylog	8819446
Fp_factored_order	70
Fp_gausssum	363
Fp_invgen	6094005
Fp_invmBarrett	15404
Fp_log	4259599
Fp_log_find_ind	126
Fp_log_find_rel	126
Fp_log_halfgcd	57012
Fp_log_index	63
Fp_log_sieve	63
Fp_log_sieve_worker	30255
Fp_log_use_index	5039781
Fp_order	136617
Fp_pow	37763706
Fp_pow_init	105
Fp_pow_table	43694
Fp_powers	5931
Fp_pows	1346181
Fp_powu	1755530
Fp_rem_mBarrett	9736166
Fp_rootsof1	846
Fp_select_red	880239
Fp_sqrt	4844730
Fp_sqrt_i	4903205
Fp_sqrt_ii	80234
Fp_sqrtn	173548
Fp_sqrts	18502
Qsfcont	3137414
ZMV_producttree	0
ZM_nv_mod_tree	215557
ZM_nv_mod_tree_t	221014
ZT_sqr	13626203
ZVV_nv_mod_tree	5457
ZV_allpnqn	894831
ZV_chinese	5141
ZV_chinese_center	157345
ZV_chinese_tree	40777883
ZV_chinesetree	2632974
ZV_invdivexact	2632978
ZV_nv_mod_tree	1235835
ZV_producttree	2637655
ZV_sqr	2632983
ZXC_nv_mod_tree	5634
ZXM_nv_mod_tree	491
ZXX_nv_mod_tree	254883
ZX_nv_mod_tree	3106837
Z_ZV_mod	0
Z_ZV_mod_tree	58162721
Z_chinese	2142
Z_chinese_all	268035
Z_chinese_coprime	545229
Z_chinese_post	3070871
Z_chinese_pre	271763
Z_factor_listP	350651
Z_nv_mod	0
Zp_order	70
_Fp_add	1175565
_Fp_equal0	260724
_Fp_inv	34307
_Fp_mul	14228369
_Fp_neg	1086846
_Fp_one	47162
_Fp_pow	28603232
_Fp_rand	167
_Fp_red	889913
_Fp_rmul	575346
_Fp_s	19075
_Fp_sqr	8134253
_computeG	837
_gc_upto	112
_mul2_montred	10514181
_mul2_remii	4299546
_mul2_remiibar	2115908
_mul_montred	7092645
_mul_remii	1822362
_mul_remiibar	842605
_psi	1714
_sqr_montred	67710469
_sqr_remii	26647678
_sqr_remiibar	8893561
addifsmooth1	2163
addifsmooth2	83825
bestappr	105522
bestapprPade	119
bestapprPade0	126
bestappr_Q	2285126
bestappr_RgX	119
bestappr_frac	7
bestappr_real	1268174
bestappr_ser	98
check_kernel	63
checkp	2585348
chinese	5495
chinese1	2415
chinese1_coprime_Z	2460664
chinese1_coprime_Z_aux	2253539
compute_nbgen	63
contfrac0	49
contfracpnqn	266
err_oo	56
err_p	161
err_prec	196
factorial_Fl	56776
factorial_Fp	186
fibo	7
gboundcf	3142391
gc_chinese	981263
gc_empty	42
gcf	126
gcf2	0
gen_chinese	2463079
gener_Zp	259
get_Fp_field	6963
get_PHI	98
gome	5891501
hilbert	62314
hilbertii	140826
icopy_lg	3137064
init_montdata	667315
intmod2polmod	21
is_gener_Fl	1662389
is_gener_Fp	13963
is_gener_expo	4909
istotient	70000
istotient_i	621565
krois	40089
kroiu	27628045
kronecker	12751272
krosi	159682
kross	101947425
kroui	35325
krouodd	195007
krouu	101516083
krouu_s	235912036
lcmii	54534371
lift_intmod	420
lift_padic	210
lucas	56
mod_to_frac	42
mod_to_rfrac	112
mpfact	498595
mphilbertoo	7329
mpprimorial	105
muls_interval	595
mulu_interval	159078
mulu_interval_step	92772
ncV_chinese_center	10565
ncV_chinese_center_tree	5457
ncV_polint_center_tree	1515922
nmV_chinese_center	378660
nmV_chinese_center_tree	0
nmV_chinese_center_tree_seq	120584
nmV_polint_center_tree	378660
nmV_polint_center_tree_seq	120584
nmV_polint_center_tree_worker	975542
nonsquare1_Fl	12187115
nonsquare_Fl	7930
nonsquare_Fp	1460
nxCV_chinese_center	0
nxCV_chinese_center_tree	0
nxCV_polint_center_tree	6585
nxMV_chinese_center	104
nxMV_chinese_center_tree_seq	491
nxMV_polint_center_tree	104
nxMV_polint_center_tree_seq	491
nxMV_polint_center_tree_worker	1225
nxV_chinese_center	429448
nxV_chinese_center_tree	304263
nxV_polint_center_tree	876041
odd_prime_divisors	1812
ome	330912523
opt_param	63
padic2mod	21
pgener_Fl	574945
pgener_Fl_local	1081054
pgener_Fp	44282
pgener_Fp_local	412312
pgener_Zl	205563
pgener_Zp	170807
pnqn	0
polint_chinese	378764
remove2	1812
rootsof1_Fl	215572
rootsof1_Fp	0
rootsof1u_Fp	3033
rt	169813
serPade	49
sersfcont	0
sfcont2	14
sqrt_Cipolla	0
sqrt_Cipolla_msqr	0
sqrt_Cipolla_sqr	0
to_ZX	1893758
tr	59731
u_chinese_coprime	1638750
u_chinese_post	1638761
u_is_gener_expo	545004
u_odd_prime_divisors	463984
u_remove2	463984
znlog	238
znlog_rec	126
znorder	63
znprimroot	329

Generated by: LCOV version 1.16