Code coverage tests

This page documents the degree to which the PARI/GP source code is tested by our public test suite, distributed with the source distribution in directory src/test/. This is measured by the gcov utility; we then process gcov output using the lcov frond-end.

We test a few variants depending on Configure flags on the pari.math.u-bordeaux.fr machine (x86_64 architecture), and agregate them in the final report:

The target is to exceed 90% coverage for all mathematical modules (given that branches depending on DEBUGLEVEL or DEBUGMEM are not covered). This script is run to produce the results below.

LCOV - code coverage report
Current view: top level - basemath - arith1.c (source / functions) Hit Total Coverage
Test: PARI/GP v2.18.1 lcov report (development 30660-09c6d0ed2e) Lines: 2080 2301 90.4 %
Date: 2026-02-02 09:23:03 Functions: 218 233 93.6 %
Legend: Lines: hit not hit

Function Name Sort by function name Hit count Sort by hit count
ECP_psi 837
Fl_2gener_pre 188808
Fl_2gener_pre_i 65849
Fl_2powu 4358969
Fl_2powu_pre 12894847
Fl_lgener_pre_all 147097
Fl_log 132362
Fl_log_Fp 0
Fl_log_naive 132362
Fl_log_naive_pre 29020
Fl_log_pre 29418
Fl_order 546531
Fl_powers 296050
Fl_powers_pre 13059248
Fl_powu 141446134
Fl_powu_pre 166182360
Fl_sqrt 12404325
Fl_sqrt_i 12526593
Fl_sqrt_pre 23352972
Fl_sqrt_pre_i 35956030
Fl_sqrtl 0
Fl_sqrtl_pre 230105
Fl_sqrtl_raw 233064
Fl_sqrtn 233410
Fl_sqrtn_pre 233410
FpV_prod 497
Fp_2gener 3222
Fp_2gener_all 5909
Fp_2gener_i 19392
Fp_easylog 8819512
Fp_factored_order 70
Fp_gausssum 351
Fp_invgen 6095409
Fp_invmBarrett 14036
Fp_log 4259577
Fp_log_find_ind 126
Fp_log_find_rel 126
Fp_log_halfgcd 55922
Fp_log_index 63
Fp_log_sieve 63
Fp_log_sieve_worker 30249
Fp_log_use_index 5039796
Fp_order 136398
Fp_pow 37752809
Fp_pow_init 105
Fp_pow_table 43694
Fp_powers 5931
Fp_pows 1346192
Fp_powu 1754396
Fp_rem_mBarrett 8296561
Fp_rootsof1 820
Fp_select_red 869449
Fp_sqrt 4844396
Fp_sqrt_i 4898071
Fp_sqrt_ii 75158
Fp_sqrtn 173541
Fp_sqrts 18945
Qsfcont 3137414
ZMV_producttree 0
ZM_nv_mod_tree 215597
ZM_nv_mod_tree_t 221055
ZT_sqr 13608848
ZVV_nv_mod_tree 5457
ZV_allpnqn 894831
ZV_chinese 5141
ZV_chinese_center 156865
ZV_chinese_tree 40743099
ZV_chinesetree 2630131
ZV_invdivexact 2630105
ZV_nv_mod_tree 1235152
ZV_producttree 2634012
ZV_sqr 2630145
ZXC_nv_mod_tree 5632
ZXM_nv_mod_tree 491
ZXX_nv_mod_tree 254429
ZX_nv_mod_tree 3096146
Z_ZV_mod 0
Z_ZV_mod_tree 58108750
Z_chinese 2142
Z_chinese_all 268112
Z_chinese_coprime 547159
Z_chinese_post 3072797
Z_chinese_pre 271829
Z_factor_listP 350651
Z_nv_mod 0
Zp_order 70
_Fp_add 1175565
_Fp_equal0 260724
_Fp_inv 34307
_Fp_mul 14228685
_Fp_neg 1086846
_Fp_one 47162
_Fp_pow 28603368
_Fp_rand 160
_Fp_red 889913
_Fp_rmul 575346
_Fp_s 19075
_Fp_sqr 8134253
_computeG 837
_gc_upto 112
_mul2_montred 9357147
_mul2_remii 3533367
_mul2_remiibar 1797854
_mul_montred 6663438
_mul_remii 1472139
_mul_remiibar 717268
_psi 1714
_sqr_montred 63028870
_sqr_remii 23364124
_sqr_remiibar 7579293
addifsmooth1 2163
addifsmooth2 83825
bestappr 105620
bestapprPade 119
bestapprPade0 126
bestappr_Q 2293077
bestappr_RgX 119
bestappr_frac 7
bestappr_real 1273782
bestappr_ser 98
check_kernel 63
checkp 2575903
chinese 5495
chinese1 2415
chinese1_coprime_Z 2460677
chinese1_coprime_Z_aux 2253538
compute_nbgen 63
contfrac0 49
contfracpnqn 266
err_oo 56
err_p 161
err_prec 196
factorial_Fl 56778
factorial_Fp 186
fibo 7
gboundcf 3142391
gc_chinese 980272
gc_empty 42
gcf 126
gcf2 0
gen_chinese 2463092
gener_Zp 259
get_Fp_field 6963
get_PHI 98
gome 5846442
hilbert 62314
hilbertii 140826
icopy_lg 3137064
init_montdata 661587
intmod2polmod 21
is_gener_Fl 1662321
is_gener_Fp 13956
is_gener_expo 4909
istotient 70000
istotient_i 621565
krois 40089
kroiu 27626553
kronecker 12750936
krosi 159682
kross 100335614
kroui 35681
krouodd 195363
krouu 102565682
krouu_s 235344863
lcmii 54526098
lift_intmod 420
lift_padic 210
lucas 56
mod_to_frac 42
mod_to_rfrac 112
mpfact 498565
mphilbertoo 7329
mpprimorial 105
muls_interval 595
mulu_interval 159071
mulu_interval_step 92782
ncV_chinese_center 10333
ncV_chinese_center_tree 5457
ncV_polint_center_tree 1512662
nmV_chinese_center 378521
nmV_chinese_center_tree 0
nmV_chinese_center_tree_seq 120529
nmV_polint_center_tree 378522
nmV_polint_center_tree_seq 120530
nmV_polint_center_tree_worker 973345
nonsquare1_Fl 12031297
nonsquare_Fl 7930
nonsquare_Fp 1457
nxCV_chinese_center 0
nxCV_chinese_center_tree 0
nxCV_polint_center_tree 6585
nxMV_chinese_center 104
nxMV_chinese_center_tree_seq 491
nxMV_polint_center_tree 104
nxMV_polint_center_tree_seq 491
nxMV_polint_center_tree_worker 1225
nxV_chinese_center 429309
nxV_chinese_center_tree 303779
nxV_polint_center_tree 875460
odd_prime_divisors 1812
ome 334418819
opt_param 63
padic2mod 21
pgener_Fl 574896
pgener_Fl_local 1080967
pgener_Fp 44282
pgener_Fp_local 412315
pgener_Zl 205549
pgener_Zp 170793
pnqn 0
polint_chinese 378626
remove2 1812
rootsof1_Fl 215524
rootsof1_Fp 0
rootsof1u_Fp 3033
rt 169813
serPade 49
sersfcont 0
sfcont2 14
sqrt_Cipolla 0
sqrt_Cipolla_msqr 0
sqrt_Cipolla_sqr 0
to_ZX 1885397
tr 59731
u_chinese_coprime 1638699
u_chinese_post 1638711
u_is_gener_expo 544968
u_odd_prime_divisors 463923
u_remove2 463924
znlog 238
znlog_rec 126
znorder 63
znprimroot 329

Generated by: LCOV version 1.16